A treatment plan associated with a user is received. A plurality of oral inserts are designed based on the treatment plan associated with the user, wherein the plurality of oral inserts include a corresponding plurality of fluid nozzles, wherein a corresponding location of one, some, or all of a first plurality of fluid nozzles associated with a first oral insert of the plurality of oral inserts is different than a corresponding location of one, some, or all of a second plurality of fluid nozzles associated with a second oral insert of the plurality of oral inserts. The plurality of oral inserts are generated.

Some embodiments of the present disclosure include, for example, a method for automatically entering content into a periodontal chart. Such methods include, for example, providing an Intra Oral Scanner (IOS) with an elongate probe extending therefrom, contacting a first point inside an oral cavity with the probe while scanning the cavity with the IOS, determining a position of the first point based on the scanning to determine a position in space of the elongate probe, calculating content to be entered into a periodontal chart, and entering the content into the periodontal chart. Related apparatus and methods are also described.

A method for designing dental appliances may include receiving a 3D model of a patient's oral cavity and determining a target arrangement of teeth of the patient. The method may also include generating a 3D model of a first dental appliance and modeling retention of the first dental appliance for a first stage of a treatment plan based on the 3D model of the first dental appliance and a model of an arch of the patient for the first stage of the treatment plan to determine a first retention. The method may also include modifying the 3D model of the first dental appliance to include topographic features on an interior surface of the first dental appliance to generate a modified 3D model of the first dental appliance and outputting the modified 3D model of the first dental appliance for fabrication and physical dental appliance.

A method of mapping a gingival surface of a patient's jaw using at least one spatially trackable reference object in a fixed spatial relation to that jaw and a spatially trackable mapping tool. A plurality of gingival surface coordinate sets are captured in a coordinate frame of the jaw. Each of the gingival surface coordinate sets is captured when the mapping tool is in contact with a corresponding gingival surface location on the gingival surface. A geometrical gingival surface descriptor is computed from the plurality of gingival surface coordinate sets.