A configuration memory circuit according to an embodiment includes: a first and second wirings; and a first to eighth transistors, the first and fourth transistors having a first-conductive-type, the second, third, fifth, and sixth transistors having a second-conductive-type, the first to third transistors being connected in series, the fourth to sixth transistors being connected in series, gates of the first and third transistors being connected to the first wiring, one of a source and a drain of the seventh transistor, and the first wiring, a gate of the second transistor being connected to a third wiring, gates of the fourth and sixth transistors being connected to the second wiring, one of a source and a drain of the eighth transistor, and the second wiring, a gate of the fifth transistor being connected to the third wiring, gates of the seventh and eighth transistors being connected to a fifth wiring.

A network- and/or client-side device configuration system facilitates automatic configuration of portable electronic devices. Predetermined configuration parameters for a particular portable electronic device are generated and stored. A computer-readable visual symbol such as an optical graphic code (for example, a tag, barcode, or matrix code) is generated by a network-side service and transmitted to an authorized user of the particular portable electronic device. The portable electronic device reproduces the visual symbol and transmits a message (which may or may not include the reproduced visual symbol) to the (same or different) network-side service. The network-side service authenticates the portable electronic device, and authorizes the portable electronic device to access and use the predetermined configuration parameters to automatically configure itself.

A portable electronic card system and a verifying method thereof are provided. The portable electronic card system includes: a portable personal electronic device, a rewritable card, and a writing device. The portable personal electronic device is used for obtaining a certificated code and a personal information from a remote controller. When a bidirectional verifying communication is performed between the remote controller and the portable electronic device to download the personal information, security code stored in the rewritable card be compared with security code stored in the portable electronic device for verifying and writing the personal information into the rewritable card, and another security code is generated to update or replace the original security code stored in the portable electronic device and the rewritable card.

A portable electronic card system and a verifying method thereof are provided. The portable electronic card system includes: a portable personal electronic device, a rewritable card, and a writing device. The portable personal electronic device is used for obtaining a certificated code and a personal information from a remote controller. When a bidirectional verifying communication is performed between the remote controller and the portable electronic device to download the personal information, security code stored in the rewritable card be compared with security code stored in the portable electronic device for verifying and writing the personal information into the rewritable card, and another security code is generated to update or replace the original security code stored in the portable electronic device and the rewritable card.

Provided among other things is a tagging system for identifying closely proximate stacked items (e.g., thin and flat closely spaced items) each of which is tagged with an electronic radiation emitting chip with a built-in antenna incorporated therein. The tagging system comprises: (1) the tagged, closely spaced items, wherein the electronic radiation emitting chips are affixed on, and within the width of, thin side edges of the items; and (2) an ID reader capable of reading the IDs (identifiers) stored electronically on the chips, wherein the electronic radiation emitting chips are sufficiently aligned on the items such that the chips can be serially read with the ID reader.