A central processing unit includes a core, a state memory, a plurality of bus contacts, a data generation unit, and a bus interface unit. The state memory stores a state, the bus interface unit is coupled to the core and the state memory, and the bus interface unit selectively couples the core to the plurality of bus contacts or the data generation unit according to the state.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for testing communication with a device. A multimedia receiver may be communicatively coupled to a media device, such as a source media device. The multimedia receiver may transmit a test command to control the source media device using a communication protocol. A video frame output by the source media device may be obtained. Based at least on the video frame, it may be determined whether the source media device received the test command. In response to a determination that the source media device received the test command, an indication may be stored that the source media device may be controlled using the communication protocol.

Methods, systems, and apparatuses are described for testing communication with a device. A multimedia receiver may be communicatively coupled to a media device, such as a source media device. The multimedia receiver may transmit a test command to control the source media device using a communication protocol. A video frame output by the source media device may be obtained. Based at least on the video frame, it may be determined whether the source media device received the test command. In response to a determination that the source media device received the test command, an indication may be stored that the source media device may be controlled using the communication protocol.

An integrated circuit chip includes a plurality of function blocks; a mode controller configured to convert an input signal, received from an external device through an input/output pin, into an input pattern and test mode setting data which include a plurality of bits, and to output the test mode setting data and a mode switching enable signal when a secure pattern generated therein is the same as the input pattern; and a mode setting module configured to control the plurality of function blocks to operate in a test mode according to the mode setting data, in response to the test mode switching enable signal.

In various examples, permanent faults in hardware component(s) and/or connections to the hardware component(s) of a computing platform may be predicted before they occur using in-system testing. As a result of this prediction, one or more remedial actions may be determined to enhance the safety of the computing platform (e.g., an autonomous vehicle). A degradation rate of a performance characteristic associated with the hardware component may be determined, detected, and/or computed by monitoring values of performance characteristics over time using fault testing.

According to some embodiments, a system, method and non-transitory computer-readable medium are provided to protect a cyber-physical system having a plurality of monitoring nodes comprising: a normal space data source storing, for each of the plurality of monitoring nodes, a series of normal monitoring node values over time that represent normal operation of the cyber-physical system; a situational awareness module including an abnormal data generation platform, wherein the abnormal data generation platform is operative to generate abnormal data to represent abnormal operation of the cyber-physical system using values in the normal space data source and a generative model; a memory for storing program instructions; and a situational awareness processor, coupled to the memory, and in communication with the situational awareness module and operative to execute the program instructions to: receive a data signal, wherein the received data signal is an aggregation of data signals received from one or more of the plurality of monitoring nodes, wherein the data signal includes at least one real-time stream of data source signal values that represent a current operation of the cyber-physical system; determine, via a trained classifier, whether the received data signal is a normal signal or an abnormal signal, wherein the trained classifier is trained with the generated abnormal data and normal data; localize an origin of an anomaly when it is determined the received data signal is the abnormal signal; receive the determination and localization at a resilient estimator module; execute the resilient estimator module to generate a state estimation for the cyber-physical system. Numerous other aspects are provided.

According to some embodiments, a system, method and non-transitory computer-readable medium are provided to protect a cyber-physical system having a plurality of monitoring nodes comprising: a normal space data source storing, for each of the plurality of monitoring nodes, a series of normal monitoring node values over time that represent normal operation of the cyber-physical system; a situational awareness module including an abnormal data generation platform, wherein the abnormal data generation platform is operative to generate abnormal data to represent abnormal operation of the cyber-physical system using values in the normal space data source and a generative model; a memory for storing program instructions; and a situational awareness processor, coupled to the memory, and in communication with the situational awareness module and operative to execute the program instructions to: receive a data signal, wherein the received data signal is an aggregation of data signals received from one or more of the plurality of monitoring nodes, wherein the data signal includes at least one real-time stream of data source signal values that represent a current operation of the cyber-physical system; determine, via a trained classifier, whether the received data signal is a normal signal or an abnormal signal, wherein the trained classifier is trained with the generated abnormal data and normal data; localize an origin of an anomaly when it is determined the received data signal is the abnormal signal; receive the determination and localization at a resilient estimator module; execute the resilient estimator module to generate a state estimation for the cyber-physical system. Numerous other aspects are provided.

A virtual device acquires a transaction history between a legacy computing device and a linked device; obtains a first request provided from the legacy computing device based on the transaction history and a first response received from the linked device in response to the first request; receives a second request corresponding to the first request from a new computing device and determines a second response to the second request; and provides test information for the new computing device based on a comparison of the first response and the second response.

A virtual device acquires a transaction history between a legacy computing device and a linked device; obtains a first request provided from the legacy computing device based on the transaction history and a first response received from the linked device in response to the first request; receives a second request corresponding to the first request from a new computing device and determines a second response to the second request; and provides test information for the new computing device based on a comparison of the first response and the second response.

A computer-implemented method is provided for redundancy reduction for driving test scenarios. The method includes receiving an original test set of driving scenarios and a driving model which simulates a vehicle behavior under a driving scenario inputted to the driving model. The method includes, for each driving scenario of the original test set, obtaining vehicle dynamics timeseries data as an output of the driving model. The method includes determining similar driving scenarios by comparing driving model outputs. The method additionally includes creating a new test set of driving scenarios by discarding duplicated ones of the similar driving scenarios from the original test set.