The proposal relates to a complete system of long-range, high-density visual markers (marker design and detection method). In the design, a conventional location system for the long-range markers is used. The proposal therefore focuses on a system for coding information, which in this case is a colour-based code having four states, duplicating the code density with respect to conventional black-and-white systems. Moreover, the detection method requires very few computational resources, making it very efficient and especially suitable for mobile devices. To a great extent, the success of the technique lies in the methods proposed for the treatment of the colour.

A method and system are provided. The method involves generating a plurality of nanoparticles, isolating fluorescent nanoparticles, embedding the fluorescent nanoparticles in a resin and applying the resin on a product. The system is for product authentication and includes a light source, fluorescence nanoparticles, a detector and a resin for applying on a product. Furthermore, a non-transitory computer readable medium encoded with codes is provided to direct the system to carry out the method.

A method, apparatus, and computer readable medium are provided. The method includes receiving, from a terminal, target information to be coded in a graphic identification code, and personalized effect information. First lattice data is generated according to the target information. Each data point in the first lattice data is processed according to first-type effect information included in the personalized effect information, to obtain second lattice data. The second lattice data is processed according to second-type effect information included in the personalized effect information, to obtain the graphic identification code.

For providing an apparatus and method for providing a graphic representation (1, 2) or a graphic representation sequence for detection by a detector (3) which provide a simple and effective variation of a graphic representation (1, 2) or a graphic representation sequence for detection by the detector (3) an apparatus is claimed, comprising: at least one light source (4, 5) emitting at least one definable light color or light color spectrum, a colored graphic representation (1, 2) or graphic representation sequence, wherein the at least one light source (4, 5) illuminates the colored graphic representation (1, 2) or graphic representation sequence, so that depending on the at least one light color or light color spectrum the colored graphic representation (1, 2) or a part of the colored graphic representation (1, 2) is visible by the detector (3) with a predefinable intensity and/or color or not, and a control unit (6) for defining and providing an illumination sequence of the at least one light source (4, 5) for providing a change of visibility of the graphic representation (1, 2) or of a part of the graphic representation (1, 2) by the detector (3). Further, a corresponding method is claimed.

In some aspects, a colored coded analyte sensor is provided. The analyte sensor has a body and a plurality of machine-readable colored codes associated with the body. The colored codes may contain red, green, and blue hues, which are discernable into coded information. The coded information may include the analyte sensor model, analyte sensor calibration constant, expiration or manufacture date of the analyte sensor, analyte sensor counterfeiting codes, warnings, messages to the user, etc. Colored code reading systems, apparatus and methods for reading such color-coded information associated with the analyte sensor are provided, as are numerous other aspects.

An electrical element is fabricated including an optically-detectable pattern of embedded information. An initial physical design is received for an electrical element that performs an electrical function, together with a pattern of information to be embedded in the electrical element. An encoding region is designated within the initial physical design of the electrical element. Information-encoding patterns are determined for one or more thin-film layers in the encoding region to form an optical layer structure that encodes the pattern of information. The initial physical design and the information-encoding patterns are combined into a modified physical design which is used to fabricate the electrical element. The fabricated electrical element performs the electrical function and forms an optically-detectable interference image including the embedded pattern of information when illuminated by incident light.

A graphic identification code generation method and apparatus are provided. The method includes receiving, from a terminal, target information and personalized effect information for a graphic identification code. The target information represents information displayed after the graphic identification code is scanned, and the personalized effect information is used to represent a display effect of the graphic identification code. Lattice data of the graphic identification code is generated according to the target information, and the graphic identification code is generated according to the lattice data and the personalized effect information.

When the intensity of visible light is properly modulated, the difference between the modulated visible light and the original visible light is not noticeable to human eyes but detectable to electronic devices. Thus, the modulated visible light may be utilized to form patterns that are only recognizable to electronic devices but not to human eyes.

According to various embodiments, an information encoding method may be provided. The information encoding method may include: receiving information to be encoded; splitting the information into a plurality of subsets; assigning each subset to a frame, so as to determine a plurality of frames; for each subset assigning the subset to a plurality of colors; and sequentially, for each frame of the plurality of frames, displaying the colors assigned for the respective frame and an indicator for the frame on an array of picture elements.

A novel optically readable identification code and a toy with identification code with which a toy main body can be prevented from having the appearance compromised as much as possible are provided. A toy with identification code 10 includes a toy main body 11 with a surface provided with an identification code portion 12 including an optically readable identification code 13. The identification code 13 includes a plurality of dark color portions and a plurality of light color portions, and a chromatic color having an intensity lower than an intensity of a chromatic color used for the dark color portions is used for the light color portions.