To manage property records using a multi-layered hybrid distributed ledger architecture, identification information for a particular property is obtained and transmitted to at least one participant in a public distributed ledger network for a public distributed ledger layer. Ownership information for the same particular property is obtained and transmitted to at least one participant in a federated distributed ledger network for a federated distributed ledger layer. Transaction-related documents for the same particular property are obtained and transmitted to at least one participant in a private distributed ledger network for a private distributed ledger. The distributed ledger layers are different layers of a property distributed ledger each having a separate set of consensus rules for appending distributed ledger data to the respective layer. This allows for the immutable preservation of royalty terms and conditions for a property or asset using the distributed ledger.

A data structure embodied in one or more blockchain transactions has a plurality of nodes, each node embodied as a hash value contained in a blockchain transaction of the one or more blockchain transactions; and a plurality of directional edges plurality of nodes comprises leaf nodes and non-leaf nodes. In a first aspect, at least one of the non-leaf nodes has at least one child leaf node and at least one child non-leaf node, the hash value of the at least one non-leaf node being a hash of a concatenation of the respective hash values of the child leaf node and the child non-leaf node. In a second aspect, a first of the non-leaf nodes has a different number of child nodes than a second of the non-leaf nodes. In a third aspect, a first of the leaf nodes has a different level than a second of the leaf nodes.

A peer-to-peer terminal includes a bid data obtaining unit, a bid data transmitter, a contract result calculator, a contract result transmitter, a contract result receiver, and a contract result selector. The bid data obtaining unit obtains bid data. The bid data transmitter transmits the bid data to another peer-to-peer terminal. The contract result calculator calculates a contract result from a bid data set obtained by the bid data obtaining unit and including the bid data. The contract result transmitter transmits the contract result to the other peer-to-peer terminal. The contract result receiver receives, from the other peer-to-peer terminal, another contract result calculated by the other peer-to-peer terminal. The contract result selector selects one contract result from among the contract result and the other contract result.

A system for tracking exchange of energy, includes: a memory that stores energy information generated by each node of a plurality of nodes in a blockchain network, the energy information indicating a production method used for producing the energy and an issuance status of a certificate that certifies the production method; and circuitry that receives, from an information processing apparatus, issuance request information requesting issuance of the certificate for the production method of energy, and determines an issuance status of the certificate for the production method of energy, based on the issuance request information that is received.

The present disclosure relates to blockchain and social media, and more specifically, to a unified engagement platform that incentivizes blockchain use and provides avenues for companies to foster brand loyalty amongst consumers. In accordance with aspects and embodiments, a method of facilitating blockchain use is provided. The method comprises providing a social media platform in communication with a blockchain and providing each user of the platform with a blockchain account. Social media influencers and creators, brands, and retailer users of the platform, referred to as partners, are provisioned with a set of digital collectibles having value and are provided with tools to create additional digital collectibles. A partner's digital collectibles are distributed to non-partner users on the platform that support the partner, users referred to as supporters. Supporters may obtain digital collectibles by purchasing them, by engaging in social media activity that benefits the partner, offering the digital collectible, or digital collectibles may be offered by partners as contest and sweepstakes prizes. The platform uses the blockchain for the construction, management, and distribution of all digital collectibles, and each time a digital collectible is created or distributed, a transaction must be posted to the blockchain to complete the distribution.

A system and method for digital smart wallet communications that operates by managing separately-owned, private blockchains to reduce processing times, eliminate proof of work burdens, and retain blockchain immutable security while allowing protection of confidential information contained on each blockchain. The system and method may further comprise auditability of blockchains, and may be operated on an integrated communications platform that allows seamless interoperability of communication devices across multiple modes of communication, and automates digital smart wallet transactions.

An apparatus for charging fees to a renter of equipment based upon wear to an item of equipment is disclosed herein. The apparatus can include a communications device proximal to the equipment that charges the renter, via a connected blockchain network, based off of the amount of vibration, pressure, flow rate, or temperature that the item of equipment is subjected to.

An initial transaction is generated representing a forecasted demand for material needed to manufacture equipment via a supply chain. The initial transaction is added to a blockchain for access by entities in the supply chain comprising at least a subset of one or more supply entities, one or more material distribution entities, and one or more manufacturing entities. In one or more examples, the steps may be performed by an OEM blockchain node that accesses any transactions added by the various entities on the blockchain node and limits access to transactions on the blockchain by the various entities. Further, the initial transaction may be a main transaction and a transaction representing a commitment by one of the supply entities may be a sub-transaction of the main transaction, and the sub-transaction is closed in the blockchain upon the request for payment for the committed material or payment of the request.

Provided is a method of issuing an electronic receipt, which enables a user to conveniently check an electronic receipt through a smartphone. The method of issuing an electronic receipt includes receiving, by an electronic receipt generator, information regarding a transaction from a point of sale (POS) terminal, generating an address corresponding to the information, and storing transaction information in a server corresponding to the address; transmitting the generated address to a user device through a near-field wireless communication technology; and displaying, by the user device, an electronic receipt through the transmitted address.

A system and method of optimizing cryptographic mining yields includes analyzing, by a cryptocurrency mining selection system, data associated with factors of interest for one or more cryptocurrencies using machine learning algorithms. Data that is determined to be predictive of the future value of newly mined tokens is used to determine which tokens will have the highest and lowest future values. Based on the predicted value of tokens in the future and the current value of those tokens for each cryptocurrency, the system outputs one or more instructions to buy tokens in cryptocurrencies predicted to increase in value, to sell tokens in cryptocurrencies predicted to decrease in value, and to instruct associated cryptocurrency mining hardware to switch to generating new tokens in one or more selected cryptocurrencies to maximize yields.