One embodiment is directed to a system comprising a head-mounted member removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward at least one of the eyes of the user; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering at least one blood vessel of the eye; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters and detectors and configured to cause the one or more electromagnetic radiation emitters to emit pulses of light while also causing the one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors to detect levels of light absorption related to the emitted pulses of light, and to produce an output that is proportional to an oxygen saturation level in the blood vessel.

The invention relates to a device for measuring a mask for microlithography, the device including an imaging device and an autofocusing device. The imaging device comprises an imaging optical unit with a focal plane for imaging the mask, an object stage for mounting the mask, and a movement module for producing a relative movement between object stage and imaging optical unit. The autofocusing device is configured to generate a focusing image by way of the imaging of a focusing structure in a focusing image plane intersecting the focal plane, in which the focusing structure is embodied as a gap. Furthermore, the invention relates to an autofocusing method for a device for measuring a mask for microlithography.

Methods and systems for determining information for a specimen are provided. Certain embodiments relate to bump height 3D inspection and metrology using deep learning artificial intelligence. For example, one embodiment includes a deep learning (DL) model configured for predicting height of one or more 3D structures formed on a specimen based on one or more images of the specimen generated by an imaging subsystem. One or more computer systems are configured for determining information for the specimen based on the predicted height. Determining the information may include, for example, determining if any of the 3D structures are defective based on the predicted height. In another example, the information determined for the specimen may include an average height metric for the one or more 3D structures.

This disclosure also teaches a system and method for scanning a specimen into a focus-stacked scan. In one embodiment, a method for scanning the specimen into a focus-stacked scan can comprise illuminating the specimen with a light. The specimen can comprise a topography. The depths of the topography can be variable along a z-axis. The method can also comprise dividing the specimen into a plurality of regions. Each of the regions can comprise a regional peak in the topography. Additionally, the method can comprise sampling each of the regions at a plurality of focal planes orthogonal to the z-axis by capturing, at each focal plane, an image of the region. The image can be focused on the focal plane. Lastly, the method can comprise focus-stacking, for each of the region the images within the region, into a focus-stacked image, and stitching together the focus-stacked images.

A depth calculation device for calculating depth information on an object from captured first image and second image with different blur, the depth calculation device comprising: an extraction unit configured to extract a first frequency component and a second frequency component from each of the first image and the second image, the first frequency component being a component of a first frequency band, the second frequency component being a component of a second frequency band, the second frequency band being lower than the first frequency band; and a depth calculation unit configured to calculate the depth information from the frequency components extracted by the extraction unit.

A visual positioning method and system for a battery replacement device. The method comprises: controlling a battery replacement device to move below a battery accommodating portion at the bottom of an electric vehicle; photographing, by means of a photographing apparatus, a first target photographing region at a first focal length so as to obtain a positioning determination photograph; controlling the photographing apparatus to adjust the first focal length to a second focal length; and photographing, by means of the photographing apparatus, a second target photographing region at the second focal length so as to obtain a lock-state determination photograph. By means of the photographed photographs at different focal lengths, automatic adjustment of positioning, locking and unlocking is realized, not only achieving efficient and accurate determination of positioning, locking and unlocking of the battery replacement device, but also enabling the battery replacement device to achieve integral and efficient adjustment.

Adaptive focus sweep (AFS) techniques for image processing are described. For one technique, an AFS logic/module can obtain an AFS representing a scene, where the AFS is a sequence of images representing the scene that includes: (i) a first image representing the scene captured at a first focus position; and (ii) a second image representing the scene captured at a second focus position that differs from the first focus position. The first focus position can be associated with a first depth of field (DOField) that is determined based on an autofocus technique. The second focus position can be associated with a second DOField, where the second focus position is at least two DOFields away from the first focus position. The AFS logic/module can detect a foreground of the scene in the first image based on information acquired from the first and second images. Other embodiments are described.

An apparatus includes a virtual image generation device, a receptacle for a digital camera, and a light booth. The virtual image generation device is configured to generate a plurality of test images within the light booth in accordance with a test sequence. The receptacle is configured to enable detection of the test images by the digital camera.

A system for generating a depth map for an object in a three-dimensional (3D) scene includes an image capture sensor and a processor. The image capture sensor is configured to capture a plurality of images of the object at a plurality of different focal planes. The processor is configured to calculate a plurality of variance values for a plurality of image locations for each image captured by the image capture sensor. The processor is also configured to determine a peak variance value for the plurality of image locations based on the calculated variance values associated with the same image location for each of the plurality of images of the object at the plurality of different focal planes. The processor is also configured to generate the depth map for the object based on the determined peak variance value for each image location and the plurality of different focal planes.

An image acquisition apparatus configured to receive an adjustable image acquisition parameter, wherein said parameter is adjusted based on an image that has had its subject selectively enhanced via comparison with at least one background reference image.