An illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of LEDs aligned to an array of directional optical elements wherein the LEDs are substantially at the input aperture of respective optical elements. An electrode array is formed on the array of optical elements to provide at least a first electrical connection to the array of LED elements. Advantageously such an arrangement provides low cost and high efficiency from the directional LED array.

A micro-light emitting diode (micro-LED) display backplane includes a plurality of macro-pixels. Each macro-pixel includes: a contiguous two-dimensional (2-D) array of bitcells storing display data bits for driving a set of micro-LEDs of a 2-D array of micro-LEDs; and drive circuits configured to generate, based on the display data bits stored in the contiguous 2-D array of bitcells, pulse-width modulated (PWM) drive signals for driving the set of micro-LEDs of the 2-D array of micro-LEDs. In one example, the plurality of macro-pixels is grouped into a plurality of sub-arrays, where each sub-array of the plurality of sub-arrays includes a set of macro-pixels and a local periphery circuit next to the set of macro-pixels. The local periphery circuit includes, for example, a buffer, a repeater, a clock gating circuit for gating an input clock signal to the sub-array, and/or a sub-array decoder for selecting the sub-array.

A display device includes a display panel including a first display area, and a second display area adjacent to the first display area, and a panel driver overlapping the second display area of the display panel. The display panel further includes light emitting reference units each including light emitting elements and being disposed in the second display area, and driving reference units each including driving circuits and being electrically connected to a corresponding light emitting reference unit among the light emitting reference units. An arrangement order of the light emitting reference units is different from an arrangement order of the driving reference units corresponding to the light emitting reference units.

A display includes a plurality of pixel chips, chixels, provided on a substrate. The chixels and the light emitters thereon may be shaped, sized and arranged to minimize chixel, pixel, and sub-pixel gaps and to provide a seamless look between adjacent display modules. The substrate may include light manipulators, such as filters, light converters and the like to manipulate the light emitted from light emitters of the chixels. The light manipulators may be arranged to minimize chixel gaps between adjacent chixels.

A display comprises a plurality of autonomous pixels on a stretchable substrate. Each autonomous pixel comprises a display element and a control element arranged to sense an external stimulus and to generate, entirely within the autonomous pixel, a control signal to drive the display element based, at least in part, on a magnitude of the sensed external stimulus. The stretchable substrate comprises a plurality of less elastic regions separated by stretchable areas, where the less elastic regions are less stretchable than the surrounding stretchable areas and each control element of an autonomous pixel is located in or on a less elastic region of the stretchable substrate.

An autonomous pixel comprises a display element, a plurality of different sensors and a control element. The sensors are arranged to detect one or more external stimuli and the control element is arranged to generate, entirely within the autonomous pixel, a control signal to drive the display element based, at least in part, on a magnitude of an external stimulus detected by one or more of the different sensors.

A lightweight display includes a plurality of display modules having a plurality of pixels carried by a display mounting frame. A support frame integral with the display mounting frame provides support. An electronic support member carries electrical components electrically communicating with the plurality of display modules for controlling the display of an image. Wherein the depth of the plurality of display modules, display mounting frame, support frame and electronic support member is less than four inches when defining a display assembly. Also wherein the display assembly has a screen size measured diagonally in a range of 114 inches to 224 inches and a weight in the range of 90 pounds to 120 pounds and wherein the display assembly has an aspect ratio ranging from 1.67 to 1.82.

Example apparatus described herein include a first circuit configured to slice an input image frame into input image slices, the first circuit including first outputs configured to output the input image slices. Described example apparatus also include digital light processing controllers (DLPCs) including first inputs coupled to the first outputs, the digital light processing controllers configured to process the input image slices to produce output image slices, the digital light processing controllers including second outputs configured to output the output image slices. Described example apparatus further include a second circuit including second inputs coupled to the second outputs, the second circuit configured to combine the output image slices to generate image frame data to provide to an input of a digital micromirror device (DMD).

Methods and apparatuses relating to controlling an emission of a display panel. In one embodiment, a display driver hardware circuit includes row selection logic to select a number of rows in an emission group of a display panel, wherein the number of rows is adjustable from a single row to a full panel of the display panel, column selection logic to select a number of columns in the emission group of the display panel, wherein the number of columns is adjustable from a single column to the full panel of the display panel, and emission logic to select a number of pulses per data frame to be displayed, wherein the number of pulses per data frame is adjustable from one to a plurality and a pulse length is adjustable from a continuous duty cycle to a non-continuous duty cycle.

A flat-panel display comprises a display substrate, an array of pixels distributed in rows and columns over the display substrate, the array having a column-control side, and column controller disposed on the column-control side of the array providing column data to the array of pixels through column-data lines. In some embodiments, rows of pixels in the array of pixels form row groups and each column of pixels in a row group receives column data through a separate column-data line. In some embodiments, each pixel in each column of pixels in the array of pixels is serially connected and each pixel in the array of pixels comprises a token-passing circuit for passing a token through the serially connected column of pixels.