A surgical clip applier is disclosed which is configured to automatically feed a clip from a clip cartridge once the surgical clip applier is positioned in the patient.

Methods of charging an electrochromic device includes post assembly charging using a sacrificial redox agent, lithium diffusion into an electrode from a lithium layer or salt bridge charging, or pre assembly charging using proton photoinjection into an electrode.

Methods of charging an electrochromic device includes post assembly charging using a sacrificial redox agent, lithium diffusion into an electrode from a lithium layer or salt bridge charging, or pre assembly charging using proton photoinjection into an electrode.

A p-type oxide semiconductor, which contains: a metal oxide containing thallium (Tl), where the metal oxide has been hole doped.

An electrochromic device can include a substrate, a transparent conductive oxide layer over the substrate, and a bus bar over the substrate. The bus bar can include silver and has a resistivity of at most 6.7×10.sup.−6 Ω*cm, an average adhesion strength to SiO.sub.2 of at least 3N based on 20 measurements, as determined by Method A of ASTM B905-00 (Reapproved 2010), or a classification of at least 4, as determined by Method B of ASTM B905-00 (Reapproved 2010). In another aspect a process of forming an electrochromic device can include forming a transparent conductive oxide layer over a substrate; forming a bus bar precursor over the substrate, wherein the precursor includes silver; and firing the precursor to form a bus bar. Firing can be performed such that the first bus bar is at a temperature of at least 390° C.

An array substrate, an electrochromic display and a method for driving the array substrate are disclosed. A display region of the array substrate (30) comprises a plurality of sets of data lines (33) and a plurality of scan lines (36), the plurality of sets of data lines (33) and the plurality of scan lines (36) intersecting each other to divide the display region into a plurality of pixel regions, a pixel electrode (32) is disposed in each of the pixel regions and electrically connected to the data lines (33); the pixel electrode (32) comprises a central pixel electrode (32a) and a peripheral pixel electrode (32b) adjacent to and electrically isolated from the central pixel electrode (32a). When the pixel region is driven, the peripheral pixel electrode (32b) and the central pixel electrode (32a) are at opposite polarities, thereby making the electrochromic material flowing from the central pixel region (32a) corresponding to the central pixel electrode (32a) to the peripheral pixel electrode (32b) and having been changed in color to fade in color. Cross-talk between adjacent pixel regions in the electrochromic display panel can be effectively controlled, and the display effect of the electrochromic display can be improved.

An array substrate, an electrochromic display and a method for driving the array substrate are disclosed. A display region of the array substrate (30) comprises a plurality of sets of data lines (33) and a plurality of scan lines (36), the plurality of sets of data lines (33) and the plurality of scan lines (36) intersecting each other to divide the display region into a plurality of pixel regions, a pixel electrode (32) is disposed in each of the pixel regions and electrically connected to the data lines (33); the pixel electrode (32) comprises a central pixel electrode (32a) and a peripheral pixel electrode (32b) adjacent to and electrically isolated from the central pixel electrode (32a). When the pixel region is driven, the peripheral pixel electrode (32b) and the central pixel electrode (32a) are at opposite polarities, thereby making the electrochromic material flowing from the central pixel region (32a) corresponding to the central pixel electrode (32a) to the peripheral pixel electrode (32b) and having been changed in color to fade in color. Cross-talk between adjacent pixel regions in the electrochromic display panel can be effectively controlled, and the display effect of the electrochromic display can be improved.

Methods are described for the commissioning of optically switchable window networks. During commissioning, network addresses are paired with the locations of installed devices for components on a window network. Commissioning may also involve steps of testing and validating the network devices. By correctly pairing the location of a device with its network address, a window network is configured to function such that controls sent over the network reach their targeted device(s) which in turn respond accordingly. The methods described herein may reduce frustrations that result from mispairing and installation issues that are common to conventional commissioning practices. Commissioning may involve recording a response to a manually or automatically initiated trigger. Commissioning methods described herein may rely on user input, or be automatic, not requiring user input.

Chromatic systems and structures are presented that operate without external electrical supply, which enable changes in color or transparency of a substrate material, such as glass. Various configurations provide a mechanism to activate an oxidation-reduction reaction in a chromatic material, so as to change from transparent to opaque or from one color to another. These structures may be used in applications from windows for buildings and homes, camera lenses, automotive displays and windows, mobile device displays, and other applications where chromatic change is desired.

Chromatic systems and structures are presented that operate without external electrical supply, which enable changes in color or transparency of a substrate material, such as glass. Various configurations provide a mechanism to activate an oxidation-reduction reaction in a chromatic material, so as to change from transparent to opaque or from one color to another. These structures may be used in applications from windows for buildings and homes, camera lenses, automotive displays and windows, mobile device displays, and other applications where chromatic change is desired.