A method for writing data onto a medium on which data are stored in tracks includes encoding the data into at least one codeword, and writing a respective portion of each of the at least one codeword onto respective different tracks on the medium. The writing may include writing a respective portion of each of the at least one codeword onto respective different adjacent tracks on the medium. Another method for reading data includes positioning a plurality of read heads to read codewords that have been written across multiple tracks of a medium. Each read head in the plurality of read heads reads a different portion of the first group of the multiple tracks, and where each different portion of the multiple tracks overlaps at least one other different portion of the multiple tracks. Signals are detected from the plurality of read heads, and the detected signals are decoded.

System, methods, and apparatuses for storing data in a disk-based storage device incorporating multiple readers per recording surface to reduce recovery time from read errors using super-parity. An exemplary storage device comprises a read/write head and an associated recording surface. The read/write head has a plurality of readers configured to read a plurality of data tracks on the associated recording surface concurrently. The recording surface is segmented into a plurality of super blocks comprising a portion of each of a number of adjacent data tracks, the number of adjacent data tracks in each of the plurality of super blocks being equal to the number of the plurality of data tracks that can be read concurrently by the plurality of readers. Each super block further comprises parity information on one of the number of adjacent data tracks containing data recovery information for the super block.

According to one embodiment, sector groups are generated from M (M is an integer of 2 or larger) sector data, one parity sector unit is generated from N (N is an integer of 1 or larger) sector groups in which the M sector data are interleaved for the individual sector groups, and one parity sector group in which K (K is as integer of 2 or larger) parity sectors corresponding to K parity sector units are turned into long sector is generated.

In an optical disc apparatus that records and reproduces data onto and from an optical disc in units of predetermined block, an information divider divides the data so as to reduce an amount of the data included in each of blocks when a recording state of the optical disc does not satisfy a predetermined criterion, and reproduces recording data in units of the block by adding sub-information including a value indicating the amount of the data included in each of the blocks. An error-correction encoder circuit encodes the recording data in a first error-correction code format, and a recorder converts encoded recording data into a recording signal, and records the recording signal onto the optical disc. A quality evaluator circuit produces an evaluation value indicating a recording quality based on a result of reproducing the recording signal recorded on the optical disc.

A data storage device is disclosed comprising a storage medium. First data is encoded into a first codeword, and second data is encoded into a second codeword, wherein a first code rate of the first codeword is less than a second code rate of the second codeword. The first codeword and the second codeword are interleaved to generate an interleaved codeword that is written to the storage medium.

A data storage device configured to access a magnetic tape is disclosed, wherein the data storage device comprises at least one head configured to access the magnetic tape. A first plurality of data blocks are encoded into a first plurality of ECC sub-blocks including a first ECC sub-block, and the first plurality of ECC sub-blocks are encoded into a first ECC super-block. The first ECC sub-block is written to the magnetic tape, and a write-verify of the first ECC sub-block is executed by reading the first ECC sub-block. When the write-verify passes, a second plurality of data blocks are encoded into a second ECC super-block, and when the write-verify fails, a third plurality of data blocks and the first ECC sub-block are encoded into the second ECC super-block, wherein the second ECC super-block is written to the magnetic tape.

Technology for improved data detection using machine learning may include a method in which an analog read signal comprising data read from a non-transitory storage medium of the data storage device is received. The analog read signal is processed into a plurality of digital samples. A digital sample from the plurality of digital samples is classified into a category from a plurality of categories using a machine learning algorithm for at least some of the plurality of digital samples. The plurality of digital samples is then decoded based on at least some of the predicted categories.

A data storage device is disclosed comprising a head actuated over a magnetic media comprising a plurality of data tracks, wherein each data track comprises a plurality of data sectors. A first codeword is encoded, and the first codeword is written to multiple data sectors of a first data track including a first data sector. A second codeword is encoded, and at least part of the second codeword to is written to the multiple data sectors of a second data track adjacent the first data track including a second data sector adjacent the first data sector of the first data track. The first codeword is partially written to at least the first data sector of the first data track when the first data sector of the first data track is corrupted by writing the second codeword to the second data track.

A cartridge memory is a cartridge memory used in a magnetic tape cartridge, including: an antenna unit; a storage unit that stores data; and a control unit that reads the data from the storage unit in response to a request from a recording/reproduction apparatus, adds an error correction code to the data, and transmits the obtained data via the antenna unit.

The technology disclosed herein pertains to a system and method for storing data on a storage media using both down-track super parity and cross-track super parity. Specifically, a method disclosed herein provides for generating down-track super parity values for data on the plurality of tracks and storing the down-track super parity values on a down-track super parity row of the storage block and generating cross-track super parity values for data on the plurality of rows and storing the cross-track super parity values on a cross-track upper parity track, wherein the cross-track super parity value for any given row is generated by inputting the data on the given row into an exclusive-OR (XOR) gate.