An information reproduction apparatus includes plural magazines in which optical discs are set, plural drives for performing recording and reproduction on an optical disc set therein, a changer mechanism that transports a magazine between its setting position and one or more drives and mounts and remove a prescribed optical disc or discs in and from the one or more drives by performing either one of a single move process and a multi-move process, and a controller. The controller judges whether to conduct the single move process or the multi-move process based on a reading data list and use statuses of the respective drives.

A database storage system based on Jukebox comprises a server, a jukebox and a magnetic disk storage. The database management system comprises a field structure generation module, a record index generation module, a storage space allocation module, a storage space status module, a record linkage module, a record split module; further comprises a database creation and input on optical disk module, a search-term storage module, a search-term index generation module. By means of the present invention, a database is directly created on a write-once optical disk or an optical disk of other types, data is input into the database on the optical disk; full-text search for the databases on the optical disks in the jukebox can be performed within seconds, an original file of a database file on an optical disk can be retrieved within seconds, solving effectively the technical problems of managing and accessing large-scale optical disks with databases.

Subject-matter is that between an inner edge and an outer edge of a lead-in area, are created by mechanical means grooves in the form of concentric circles around the central axis with the profile of the letter V in the protective layer, wherein these grooves have peaks and edges are created in such a way that the groove with the largest possible diameter of the circle does not exceed the inner part of the outer edge and the groove with the smallest possible diameter of the circle does not exceed the inner edge of the lead-in area, wherein the density of the grooves is such that edges of the grooves are touching each other on the surface of the protective layer and between the individual edges of the grooves there is no area undamaged by the grooves. Non-standard audio discs and video discs are manufactured by pressing from the matrix, they contain lead-in area data area and lead-out area and in the area with the radius from 18.00+1 mm to 23.50+1 mm are provided with the zone of the mechanical protection, which contains a set of grooves in the form of concentric circles, with the profile of the letter V, which are arranged closely to each other in such a way, that their upper edges are touching.

Disclosed are methods and apparatus for displaying a plurality of presentation elements to a user. A progress bar is displayed. A length of the progress bar is representative of a duration of a multimedia presentation. A communication box is also displayed. The communication box comprises a marker and a communication composed by an originator in relation to a certain point or time period within the multimedia presentation. The progress bar and the communication box are displayed such that the marker is in alignment with a position along the length of the progress bar that corresponds to the point or time period in the multimedia presentation in relation to which the communication was composed. The marker may be moved relative to the progress bar.

The present invention pertains to an optical disc player with a standard digital port, such as a USB port, coupled to an external storage, such as a thumb drive, coupled to a standard digital port such as a USB port. The external storage may also be used to provide content, commands or applications that enable the player to present certain additional content, or to perform certain additional or enhanced functions.

A method, system and computer program product for improving the recording of classroom lectures or other such presentations. A video frame containing a whiteboard image is converted into a black and white image for the detection of boundaries. These boundaries are classified as horizontal or vertical lines. Quadrangles are then formed using spatial arrangements of these lines. The quadrangles that are most likely to spatially coincide with the boundaries of the whiteboard image are identified. The quadrangles are then sorted (ranked) based on specific characteristics, such as size and position. The area corresponding to the identified quadrangle in the video frame is then cropped. Furthermore, the speaker in the video frame can be removed based on detecting changes that are characteristic of movements of a speaker. In this manner, the visual and educational experience involved in the recording of classroom lectures or other such presentation is improved.

Access to content may be administered by storing content, the content comprising one or more selections, accessing a passive optical out-of-band token associated with the content, determining an access right for the content based on the passive optical out-of-band token, and enabling access to the content in accordance with the access right.

Generally, access to content may be regulated by receiving a content request initiated at a jukebox for access to a content selection, identifying a jukebox location corresponding to a location of the jukebox, determining a permissible location for rendering the content selection, relating the jukebox location to the permissible location, and enabling the content request when the permissible location supports access to the content selection from the jukebox location.

The present invention is for more optimally performing recording and reproduction of stereoscopic video. In the present invention, parallax information is utilized to store, in a recording medium, stereoscopic video including left-eye images and right-eye images. Particularly, for video content that contains stereoscopic images, information is obtained regarding the amount of variation in parallactic angle having a given or larger value, a variation time that the variation in parallactic angle takes, and the number of times that the variation in parallactic angle occurs. An evaluation value is calculated that corresponds to the degree of eye fatigue on the basis of the amount of variation, the variation time, and the number of times of the variation. According to the present invention, the video content is encoded in such a manner that the evaluation value is within a given range, and then recorded in the recording medium.

A recording apparatus, a reproduction apparatus and a file management method are disclosed wherein, even if one of files recorded on a recording medium cannot be reproduced regularly, another file selected by the user can be reproduced normally. A file having a hierarchical structure formed from video data and audio data both in the form of compressed data together with information necessary for processing of the video data and audio data is produced and recorded on a predetermined recording medium. Upon production of the file, information regarding decoding of the video data and audio data is disposed collectively on the top side of the file.