Rather than rely solely upon pupillary occlusion or tracking of eye movement to protect the fundus from accidental exposure to electromagnetic radiation, the present invention also utilizes an electromagnetic radiation pathway with a profile such that the energy density at the iris is greater than the energy density at the posterior portion of the eye. This disparity in energy density allows for efficacy at the anterior iris treatment site, without injury to the fundus.

Apparatuses, systems, and methods for treating tissue abnormalities are disclosed. The tissue may be visualized for determining a presence of one or more abnormalities contained therein. Imaging data obtained by visualization may be used to determine the presence of one or more abnormalities. Each of the detected abnormalities may be identified and a treatment plan developed for treating the abnormalities. Treatment may be delivered to the abnormalities according to the treatment plan.

Methods and systems wherein laser induced refractive index changes by focused femtosecond laser pulses in optical tissues is performed in combination with corneal lenticular surgery to achieve overall desired vision corrections.

A method for controlling an eye surgical laser is disclosed for the separation of a volume body with a predefined posterior interface and a predefined anterior interface. The method includes controlling the laser by means of a control device such that it emits pulsed laser pulses into the cornea. Predefined posterior and anterior interfaces are generated by means of an interaction of the individual laser pulses with the cornea by the generation of cavitation bubbles along a rotation path. A respective interface is divided at least into an inner annulus and an outer annulus, and the cavitation bubbles are generated along the rotation path from an inner boundary of the outer annulus to an outer boundary of the outer annulus. Also disclosed in relation to the method are a computer program, a computer-readable medium and a treatment apparatus.

A method for providing control data of an eye surgical laser of a treatment apparatus is disclosed for a treatment on a human or animal eye. The method optimizes a target conflict between low stress for a patient and efficacy of a laser. The method includes, as performed by a control device, determining a patient-specific parameter set, which relates to at least one physiological characteristic of the eye, determining at least one physical parameter for the eye surgical laser depending on the patient-specific parameter set, wherein the physical parameter relates to a physical characteristic of a laser beam of the laser, and providing control data for controlling the eye surgical laser, which includes the physical parameter.

The invention relates to a method for providing control data for an eye surgical laser of a treatment apparatus for the removal of a tissue from a human or animal cornea. The method includes ascertaining a temperature distribution, which is expected in the cornea per laser pulse, determining a laser pulse sequence of a preset laser pulse distribution for removing the tissue by means of a temperature model of the cornea, wherein a respective laser pulse position in the cornea is preset by the laser pulse distribution and wherein it is preset by the laser pulse sequence, in which order the preset laser pulse positions are irradiated with the respective laser pulses, wherein a temperature profile of the cornea is calculated by means of cumulated temperature distributions of the laser pulses in the temperature model and a difference profile to a preset limit temperature profile is determined, and wherein the order of the laser pulses is ascertained depending on the difference profile for determining the laser pulse sequence, and providing control data for controlling the eye surgical laser, which uses the laser pulse sequence for removing the tissue.

A laser surgery system includes a light source, an eye interface device, a scanning assembly, a confocal detection assembly and preferably a confocal bypass assembly. The light source generates an electromagnetic beam. The scanning assembly scans a focal point of the electromagnetic beam to different locations within the eye. An optical path propagates the electromagnetic beam from a light source to the focal point, and also propagates a portion of the electromagnetic beam reflected from the focal point location back along at least a portion of the optical path. The optical path includes an optical element associated with a confocal detection assembly that diverts a portion of the reflected electromagnetic radiation to a sensor. The sensor generates an intensity signal indicative of intensity the electromagnetic beam reflected from the focal point location. The confocal bypass assembly reversibly diverts the electromagnetic beam along a diversion optical path around the optical element.

A computer program product for controlling a laser-assisted eye treatment, configured to encode a system controller with a routine for planning the eye treatment, invention further relates to a laser-assisted eye treatment system including a laser treatment unit and a system controller, to a method for generating control data for a laser-assisted eye treatment system, to a planning method for a laser-assisted eye treatment and to an eye treatment method using a laser beam for treating a patient's eye. The invention provides systems and methods for a fast laser-assisted eye treatment of a patient's eye which improve the security and minimize the risk of a non-optimal eye treatment and enable sale eye treatment planning and a shortening of the critical phase of the eye treatment. Encoding a system controller by a routine for planning the eye treatment is strictly based on an anatomy of a patient's eye.

A corneal lenticule extraction procedure provides convenient re-treatment options when treatment interruptions occur. The procedure is executed by an ophthalmic laser system according to a programmed treatment plan, which defines an entry cut, an optional ring cut, a bottom lenticule incision having an optical zone, and a flat top bed incision. If an interruption occurs during the entry cut, the treatment plan is re-aligned with the partially formed entry cut and continued, or with a new entry cut placed at a different angular position. If an interruption occurs during the ring cut, the treatment plan is revised to define a larger ring cut concentric with the partially formed ring cut. If an interruption occurs during the bottom or top incision, the depth of the partially formed bottom or top incision is measured, and the treatment plan is revised to form a deeper bottom incision or a shallower top incision, respectively.

A method for altering an eye color of a patient with a color alteration procedure is disclosed that may include imaging the iris with an image sensor prior to the color alteration procedure to generate an image of the iris. A mapping of the iris may be generated from the image. The mapping may include a number of regions corresponding to varying absorption coefficients of a treatment wavelength in the stromal pigment of the iris. A laser system may be set, based on the mapping, to deliver laser light at a laser power sufficient to cause elimination of at least a portion of stromal pigment in the iris. The laser light may then be delivered with the laser system.