A method for operating a data storage device includes determining appropriateness of a first read bias for adjacent target threshold voltage distributions among threshold voltage distributions for a plurality of memory cells; and if it is determined that the first read bias is inappropriate, determining a second read bias.

A flash memory comprising a first plurality of memory cells, each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells selectively connected to a first input of a comparator. A second plurality of memory cells selectively connected to a second input of the comparator, wherein a first number of the second plurality of memory cells are in an erased state, wherein a second number of the second plurality of memory cells are in a written state, wherein each memory cell of the first plurality of memory cells and each memory cell of the second plurality of memory cells has a first cell capacitance, and wherein the sum of the first number and the second number is at least three.

A system including a processor and a memory device. The memory device includes a memory array having a plurality of memory elements connected to a bit-line and a quantizing circuit. The quantizing circuit includes a combination circuit configured to combine an analog input signal with an analog feedback signal to produce a delta signal. The quantizing circuit also includes an integrator configured to receive and integrate the delta signal to produce a sigma signal. The quantizing circuit also includes an analog-to-digital converter configured to receive the sigma signal and compare the sigma signal with a reference signal to produce a digital output signal.

A memory device may include a memory and a controller. The controller may be configured to receive a read command associated with a block of the memory. The controller may be configured to determine a block type associated with the block. The controller may be configured to identify, based on the block type, one or more read voltage offsets for a read operation associated with the block. The controller may be configured to perform the read operation based on the one or more read voltage offsets.

A non-volatile memory device includes a set of memory cells, a cycle transistor, a reference transistor and a control circuit. The control circuit is coupled to the set of memory cells, the cycle transistor and the reference transistor. A method of controlling the non-volatile memory device includes in a program operation or an erase operation of the set of memory cells, the control circuit determining a state of the cycle transistor, and upon determining the cycle transistor being in an erased state (or a programmed state), the control circuit setting the reference transistor from a reference state to the erased state (or the programmed state), and then restoring the reference transistor from the erased state (or the programmed state) to the reference state. The reference state is set between the erased state and a programmed state.

An method of operating a nonvolatile memory device including a plurality of memory cells comprises receiving a read command from an external device, in response to the read command, performing, based on a reference voltage, a first cell counting operation with respect to the plurality of memory cells, adjusting at least one read voltage of first through nth read voltages (where n is a natural number greater than 1) based on a first result of the first cell counting operation, and performing, based on the adjusted at least one read voltage, a read operation corresponding to the read command with respect to the plurality of memory cells.

A memory device includes a memory array comprising multi-level memory cells, and control circuitry coupled to the memory array. The control circuitry is configured to perform accelerated soft read operations on at least a portion of the memory array. A given one of the accelerated soft read operations directed to a non-upper page of the memory array comprises at least one hard read operation directed to a corresponding upper page of the memory array. The given accelerated soft read operation may comprise a sequence of multiple hard read operations including a hard read operation directed to the non-upper page and one or more hard read operations directed to the corresponding upper page.

A method for operating a data storage device includes determining appropriateness of a first read bias for adjacent target threshold voltage distributions among threshold voltage distributions for a plurality of memory cells; and if it is determined that the first read bias is inappropriate, determining a second read bias.

Methods, systems, and devices for operating a ferroelectric memory cell or cells are described. A memory array may be operated in a half density mode, in which a subset of the memory cells is designated as reference memory cells. Each reference memory cell may be paired to an active memory cell and may act as a reference signal when sensing the active memory cell. Each pair of active and reference memory cells may be connected to a single access line. Sense components (e.g., sense amplifiers) associated with reference memory cells may be deactivated in half density mode. The entire memory array may be operated in half density mode, or a portion of the array may operate in half density mode and the remainder of the array may operate in full density mode.

A nonvolatile memory device may include a page buffer including a plurality of latch sets that latch each page datum of selected memory cells among a plurality of memory cells according to each of read signal sets including at least one read signal, and a control logic configured to detect a degradation level of the memory cells and determine a read parameter applied to at least one of the read signal sets based on the detected degradation level.