Presented herein is a memory device and a method of operating the memory device. The memory device may include a memory cell, and a page buffer coupled to the memory cell via a bit line and configured to perform a read operation on the memory cell. The page buffer may include a storage unit configured to control a bit line precharge operation during the read operation and to store a result value of a first sensing operation. After the bit line precharge operation, a value stored in the storage unit is inverted before the storage unit stores the result value of the first sensing operation.

Presented herein is a memory device and a method of operating the memory device. The memory device may include a memory cell, and a page buffer coupled to the memory cell via a bit line and configured to perform a read operation on the memory cell. The page buffer may include a storage unit configured to control a bit line precharge operation during the read operation and to store a result value of a first sensing operation. After the bit line precharge operation, a value stored in the storage unit is inverted before the storage unit stores the result value of the first sensing operation.

Presented herein is a memory device and a method of operating the memory device. The memory device may include a memory cell, and a page buffer coupled to the memory cell via a bit line and configured to perform a read operation on the memory cell. The page buffer may include a storage unit configured to control a bit line precharge operation during the read operation and to store a result value of a first sensing operation. After the bit line precharge operation, a value stored in the storage unit is inverted before the storage unit stores the result value of the first sensing operation.

A nonvolatile memory device performs a compare and write operation. The compare and write operation includes reading read data from memory cells, inverting first write data to generate second write data, adding a first flag bit to the first write data to generate third write data and adding a second flag bit to the second write data to generate fourth write data, performing a reinforcement operation on each of the third write data and the fourth write data to generate fifth write data and sixth write data, and comparing the read data with each of the fifth write data and the sixth write data and writing one of the fifth and sixth write data in the memory cells based on a result of the comparison.

A data storage device may be configured to write first data to a first set of storage elements of a non-volatile memory and to write second data to a second set of storage elements of the non-volatile memory. The first data may be processed by a data shaping operation, and the second data may not be processed by the data shaping operation. The data storage device may be further configured to read a representation of the second data from the second set of storage cells and to determine a block health metric of a portion of the non-volatile memory based on the representation of the second data. The portion may include the first set of storage elements and the second set of storage elements. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the first portion may be a first block of the non-volatile memory.

A nonvolatile memory device performs a compare and write operation. The compare and write operation includes reading read data from memory cells, inverting first write data to generate second write data, adding a first flag bit to the first write data to generate third write data and adding a second flag bit to the second write data to generate fourth write data, performing a reinforcement operation on each of the third write data and the fourth write data to generate fifth write data and sixth write data, and comparing the read data with each of the fifth write data and the sixth write data and writing one of the fifth and sixth write data in the memory cells based on a result of the comparison.

A controller which controls an operation of a semiconductor memory device including a plurality of memory blocks. The controller includes a randomizer. The randomizer generates randomized data, based on a block address of a target memory block, and a program-erase count value or the target memory block. Accordingly, the performance of a memory system is improved.

Presented herein is a memory device and a method of operating the memory device. The memory device may include a memory cell, and a page buffer coupled to the memory cell via a bit line and configured to perform a read operation on the memory cell. The page buffer may include a storage unit configured to control a bit line precharge operation during the read operation and to store a result value of a first sensing operation. After the bit line precharge operation, a value stored in the storage unit is inverted before the storage unit stores the result value of the first sensing operation.

A device includes a memory and a controller including a data shaping engine. The data shaping engine is configured to apply a mapping to input data that includes one or more m-tuples of bits to generate transformed data. The transformed data includes one or more n-tuples of bits, and n is greater than m. A relationship of a gray coding of m-tuples to a gray coding of n-tuples is indicated by the mapping. The input data includes a first number of bit values that represent a particular logical state, and the transformed data includes a second number of bit values that represent the particular logical state, the second number of bit values being less than the first number of bit values.

A data storage device may be configured to write first data to a first set of storage elements of a non-volatile memory and to write second data to a second set of storage elements of the non-volatile memory. The first data may be processed by a data shaping operation, and the second data may not be processed by the data shaping operation. The data storage device may be further configured to read a representation of the second data from the second set of storage cells and to determine a block health metric of a portion of the non-volatile memory based on the representation of the second data. The portion may include the first set of storage elements and the second set of storage elements. As an illustrative, non-limiting example, the first portion may be a first block of the non-volatile memory.