A method for treating to-be-treated water containing tritiated water and light water, the method includes providing a temperature difference in a heavy water gas hydrate substrate which may contain tritiated water, and to-be-treated water containing tritiated water and light water in the presence of a guest molecular gas based on a heavy water gas hydrate crystallization temperature zone and its vicinity under a pressure condition where heavy water gas hydrate or tritiated water gas hydrate can be crystallized.

A method for treating to-be-treated water containing tritiated water and light water, the method includes providing a temperature difference in a heavy water gas hydrate substrate which may contain tritiated water, and to-be-treated water containing tritiated water and light water in the presence of a guest molecular gas based on a heavy water gas hydrate crystallization temperature zone and its vicinity under a pressure condition where heavy water gas hydrate or tritiated water gas hydrate can be crystallized.

The proposed invention relates to the field of liquid industrial waste treatment, in particular to the plasma electroerosion reactor for comprehensive treatment of industrial effluents and rainwater, as well as process water of nuclear power plants, for the purpose of their deactivation and purification, in particular for removing radionuclides of cesium-137 (.sup.137Cs), strontium-90 (.sup.90Sr), americium (.sup.241Am), cobalt-60 (.sup.60Co), heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and to the method of its use, including for treating liquid waste of nuclear power plants (NPP).

The proposed invention relates to the field of liquid industrial waste treatment, in particular to the plasma electroerosion reactor for comprehensive treatment of industrial effluents and rainwater, as well as process water of nuclear power plants, for the purpose of their deactivation and purification, in particular for removing radionuclides of cesium-137 (.sup.137Cs), strontium-90 (.sup.90Sr), americium (.sup.241Am), cobalt-60 (.sup.60Co), heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), tin (Sn), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and to the method of its use, including for treating liquid waste of nuclear power plants (NPP).

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at least one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

Dual-field electric and magnetic probes create and apply electromagnetic fields to liquids, such as water, to treat unwanted material in the liquid.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at leasl one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A tritium substitution method having a process of adding an organic substance including at leasl one of an organic acid, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, an organic acid to which a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt is added, an organic acid alkali salt, a water-soluble amino acid, and a water-soluble amino acid alkali salt, to radioactive substance-contaminated water containing tritium, a tritium substitution process of circulating fine bubbles in the contaminated water in which the organic substance has been added to cause a reaction of substituting hydrogen in the position of a carboxylic acid group by tritium through an interface of the fine bubbles to produce a tritium-substituted product.

A batch process of remediation of soil and sediment contaminated with toxic metals includes the steps of treating contaminated soil and sediment with a solution containing aminopolycarboxylic chelating agent, rinsing the soil/sediment solid phase to remove residues of mobilized toxic metals, treating the used process waters to recycle chelating agent and clean process solutions and placing the remediated soil/sediment on a permeable horizontal reactive barrier to prevent emission of contaminants. In the batch process, toxic metals are removed from process solutions by alkaline adsorption of polysaccharide adsorbents. By applying alkaline adsorption the efficiency of toxic metal removal from process solutions and alkaline and acidic recycling of chelating agent is significantly improved.