The disclosed structures and methods are directed to a chip for an optical gyroscope and methods of manufacturing of the chip for the optical gyroscope. The chip comprises a substrate, a waveguide having a first waveguide cladding layer and a waveguide core; and a ring resonator having a first ring cladding layer and a ring resonator core attached to the first ring cladding layer. A side wall of the ring resonator core forms an obtuse angle with an upper surface of the substrate. The method comprises depositing a first cladding layer on an upper surface of a silicon substrate; depositing a core layer; depositing a resist mask pattern to define a form of a ring resonator core and a form of a waveguide core; etching the core layer outside of the resist mask pattern; and stripping the resist mask pattern off.

A method and system is provided for estimating and compensating for gyro bias in gyro-stabilized systems. The method includes comparing an output of a gyroscope to a reference measurement; estimating a bias of the gyroscope based on the comparison using a Kalman filter; and adjusting a control output of the gyro-stabilized system with the estimated bias to maintain a position of the gyro-stabilized system.

An integrated biplane optical sensing core chip has a non-linear optical substrate, a first waveguide structure, a second waveguide structure and a waveguide coupled fiber. The non-linear optical substrate, the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure are made of the same nonlinear optical material. The first waveguide structure is connected to the second waveguide structure via a waveguide coupled fiber is outside and independent to the non-linear optical substrate. Therefore, the first waveguide structure and the second waveguide structure can overlap in the vertical direction, and can be set close to each other in the horizontal and vertical directions, so the integrated biplane optical sensing core chip can be miniaturized and can meet reciprocity. The integrated biplane optical sensing core chip is suitable for an optical fiber sensor, and the optical fiber sensor can be a fiber-optic gyroscope or a fiber-optic current sensor.

Systems and methods are provided to reduce at least one differential harmonics of a resonance tracking modulation in a resonant fiber optic gyroscope (RFOG). The fundamental frequency of the resonance tracking modulation of each of the clockwise and counter clockwise optical signals is substantially identical; however, the amplitude and phase of the Nth harmonic of a clockwise (CW) resonance tracking modulation and the Nth harmonic of a clockwise (CCW) resonance tracking modulation may differ due to non-linearities in the RFOG. Embodiments of the invention diminish, e.g., reduce to zero such vectoral difference. Differential harmonics may be generated at one or more harmonics.

A light amplitude balancing system for use in a photonic integrated circuit (PIC)-based fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) may comprise one or more 2×2 PIC-based FOG optical circuits and a PIC-based modulator assembly. The modulator assembly may be configured to receive one or more input light signals, and to produce one or more output light signals that (i) correspond to the input light signals and (ii) are conveyed to the one or more FOG optical circuits. Each of the one or more output light signals may have an amplitude that is a modified version of an amplitude of the corresponding input signal. The one or more FOG optical circuits and the PIC-based modulator assembly may be disposed on a common PIC substrate. Alternatively, the one or more FOG optical circuits may be disposed on a first PIC substrate, and the PIC-based modulator assembly may be disposed on a second PIC substrate.

A stimulated Brillouin scattering gyroscope is provided. A pump laser generates continuous wave (CW) energy that travels through at least one bus waveguide to a waveguide resonator. A reflector is positioned within the waveguide resonator. The reflector is configured to pass at least some of the CW energy in a first direction and reflect at least some stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) energy in a second direction. A first detector is in operational communication with the at least one bus waveguide to detect CW energy. An output of the first detector used to at least adjust a pump laser frequency of the pump laser. A second detector is also in operational communication with the at least one bus waveguide. The second detector is used to determine phase shifts in detected SBS energy to determine at least rotation.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods that utilize multicore optical fibers for gyro coil winding. Particularly, the use of multicore fiber enables inherent thermal stability without the need for complex, tedious, and costly winding patterns. Enabling the use of level winding techniques eliminates the need for complex quadrupole winding patterns. This simplicity lends itself to advancements towards full automation of winding coils for multicore fibers, without sacrificing performance. This, in turn increases the production rate and overcomes current barriers to fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) market expansion. In accordance with the embodiments, multicore fiber can be utilized in various gyro coil winding techniques, including: level winding; Interrupted Level Wind (ILW); and Dual Axis Symmetric (DAS) winding. Furthermore, each of the multicore fiber gyro coil winding patterns can incorporate a multicore shuffle bridge. The multicore shuffle bridge is designed to provide multiple features, such as facilitating the rotation of mating cores.

The disclosed structures and methods are directed to a chip for an optical gyroscope and methods of manufacturing of the chip for the optical gyroscope. The chip comprises a substrate, a waveguide having a first waveguide cladding layer and a waveguide core; and a ring resonator having a first ring cladding layer and a ring resonator core attached to the first ring cladding layer. A side wall of the ring resonator core forms an obtuse angle with an upper surface of the substrate. The method comprises depositing a first cladding layer on an upper surface of a silicon substrate; depositing a core layer; depositing a resist mask pattern to define a form of a ring resonator core and a form of a waveguide core; etching the core layer outside of the resist mask pattern; and stripping the resist mask pattern off.

An integrated photonics optical gyroscope fabricated on a silicon nitride (SiN) waveguide platform comprises a first portion with silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides that constitute a rotation sensing element; and, a second portion with additional silicon nitride (SiN) waveguide-based optical components that constitute a front-end chip to launch light into and receive light from the rotation sensing element. The two portions can be stacked together to have a multi-layer configuration vertically coupled with each other. External elements (e.g., laser, detectors, phase shifter) may be made of different material platform than SiN and can be hybridly integrated to the SiN waveguide platform.

An embodiment of an integrated atom chip used for measuring atoms is discussed. One or more magnetic traps integrated with an optical waveguide that is imprinted onto the integrated atom chip facilitate loading of the atoms into an evanescent field optical trap of the optical waveguide in order to measure the atoms. The two or more stages of cooling are used to progressively cool the atoms from an initial temperature down to a final temperature of the atoms when mode matched and loaded into the evanescent field optical trap of the optical waveguide.