A system for detecting rotational over travel includes: an angular position sensor comprising a rotor rotatable about an axis, the angular position sensor configured to output one or more electrical signals to indicate an angular position of the rotor about the axis and/or a number of turns completed by the rotor about the axis; and a device comprising a first operating mode and a second operating mode and configured to transition from the first operating mode to the second operating mode in response to the rotor rotating beyond at least one angular position threshold, wherein the transition from the first operating mode to the second operating mode is independent of the one or more electrical signals.

An encoder apparatus includes a detection unit, a scale disposed to oppose the detection unit and relatively rotatable with respect to the detection unit, and a processor configured to process an output signal output from the detection unit to obtain a relative position of the scale with respect to a standard position and thus detect an absolute position of the scale. The processor is configured to execute a setting process in which a position where a deviation amount of the scale in a predetermined direction with respect to a rotation axis is equal to or smaller than a threshold value is set as the standard position, the deviation amount changing in accordance with relative rotation of the scale with respect to the detection unit.

An encoder including a rotary disc that rotates around a rotating shaft, and a sensor that detects a rotational position of the rotary disc, in which the rotary disc is provided with first patterns and second patterns, the first patterns are arranged at positions obtained by equally dividing a first circumference which is a circumference of a first circle into M (M is natural number of 2 or more) at intervals, the second patterns are arranged at positions obtained by equally dividing a second circumference which is a circumference of a second circle which is a concentric circle of the first circle and has a different radius from that of the first circle into N (N is natural number of 2 or more) at intervals, and M and N are different from each other and a greatest common divisor of M and N is 1.

A sealed encoder module for mounting onto a machine so as to measure relative displacement of first and second parts of the machine. The sealed encoder module can comprise, a scale, a readhead comprising a scale signal receiver, and an integral protective housing which encapsulates at least the scale and said scale signal receiver. The sealed encoder module can be configured to determine and output diagnostic information regarding a scale signal detected by the readhead.

A light emitting element includes: a substrate; a mesa portion formed on the substrate and including an active layer, a first semiconductor layer, and a second semiconductor layer; a metal layer including a first metal part disposed on a top surface of the mesa portion and connected to the second semiconductor layer and a second metal part formed integrally with the first metal part and extending along a side surface of the mesa portion; an insulating layer formed on the side surface; and a resin layer formed on the insulating layer. The first metal part includes an opening region formed with a light passage opening and a connection region for external connection. The second metal part is formed on the side surface via the insulating layer and the resin layer and overlaps the active layer when viewed in a direction perpendicular to a thickness direction of the substrate.

An optical sensor for a delivery device having a piston that displaces a substance, such as a fluid, from a reservoir. The optical sensor has a light source and a detector array for imaging encoding features disposed along a plunger rod coupled to the piston. By virtue of the pattern of encoding features, an absolute position of the plunger rod relative to a fiducial position may be determined uniquely. Thus, the volume of fluid remaining in the reservoir, the rate of fluid delivery, and proper loading of the reservoir may be accurately ascertained. Additionally, the encoding may serve to uniquely identify a version of the reservoir which may be supplied in various versions corresponding, for example, to differing concentrations of a therapeutic agent to be dispensed.

An optical encoder system is disclosed comprising a movable target arranged to provide a varying reflectance dependent on a position of the target within the system. An emitter is positioned on a first side of the target to illuminate the target and a sensor is positioned on the first side of the target to sense a reflectance from the target, wherein the sensed reflectance is dependent on the position of the target within the system. Also disclosed are a target and a sensor module for use in such a system, a device comprising such a system and a method of determining the position of a moving target using such a system.

A method of assembling a device including, taking a casing including a body having an opening and a lid for the opening, locating at least one electronic component within the body; locating a first end of a cable for electrically connecting the electronic component within the body to an external device, and deforming at least one of the body and the lid so as to secure the lid to the body and such that the cable is secured to the casing by the lid.

A linear displacement measuring apparatus for determining an absolute position includes a linear rail composed of individual rail segments arranged after one another in the direction of a longitudinal axis. Each of the rail segments has a material measure which comprises at least one incremental track which extends along the longitudinal axis and has equidistantly arranged position markings. In addition to the incremental track, the material measure of one of the rail segments has an absolute track with position markings for coding a plurality of absolute positions. A scanning device can be moved along the rail segments and comprises a sensor arrangement for scanning the material measures with a first sensor, a second sensor and a third sensor. The first sensor and the second sensor are offset relative to one another in the direction of the longitudinal axis and are used to detect the position markings of the incremental track.

A controller for use with a position encoder includes one or more motion inputs suitable to couple to motion outputs of the position encoder and a limit input suitable to couple to a limit output of the position encoder. The controller also includes an actuator interface, a command interface, and circuitry coupled to the one or more motion inputs, the limit input, the actuator interface, and the command interface. The circuitry is configured to receive a command through the command interface to move a structural member coupled to the position encoder to a new position and control an actuator through the actuator interface to move the structural member toward the new position. A limit indication is received from the position encoder through the limit input and the controller stops or reverses the movement of the structural member by controlling the actuator in response to receiving the limit indication.