There is provided an optical encoder including an encoding medium and a substrate. The encoding medium has a relative movement with respect to the substrate in a predetermined direction. The substrate includes an index photodiode and two control photodiodes. The index photodiode is arranged between the two control photodiodes along the predetermined direction. The output signals of the two control photodiodes are for controlling ON/OFF of gain regulation on an output signal of the index photodiode so as to turn on the gain regulation within an interval during which the index photodiode does not generate an index pulse but to turn off the gain regulation within an interval during which the index photodiode generates the index pulse.

There is provided an optical encoder including a phase shifter circuit, two multiplexers, two digital circuits and four comparators. The phase shifter circuit receives signals from an amplifier and outputs multiple phase shifted signals. Each of the two multiplexers receives a half of the multiple phase shifted signals and outputs two pairs of phase shifted signals, each pair having 180 degrees phase difference, respectively to two comparators connected thereto. Each of the two digital circuits controls the corresponding multiplexer to select the two pairs of phase shifted signals from the half of the multiple phase shifted signals.

An optical position-measuring device for determining the position of a first object relative to a second object movable relative to the first object along a measurement direction includes a scale with a measuring graduation connected to the first object and extending along the measurement direction. A scanner is connected to the second object and includes a fiber-optic array including optical fibers. The fiber-optic array is configured as a fiber-optic plate having an image-input face facing the scale and an image-output face facing the detector array. The fiber-optic array transmits a light pattern into a detection plane of the detector array. An interstitial medium is disposed between the image-output face of the fiber-optic plate and the detector array to ensure that an amount of deflection that the beams exiting the image-output face undergo on a path to the detector array is smaller than in a case without the interstitial medium.

A photointerrupter includes a light emitter and a light receiver integrally formed with each other. The light emitter includes at least two light sources and emits light. At least one of the at least two light sources are individually tunable in light intensity. The light receiver receives the light from the light emitter.

There is provided a pitch control assembly for a rotor of an aircraft, the rotor rotatable about a longitudinal axis and having blades each rotatable about a span-wise axis to adjust a blade pitch angle thereof, the assembly comprising a plurality of position markers spaced circumferentially around the longitudinal axis and having lengths along the longitudinal axis which vary monotonically and incrementally, at least one sensor configured for producing at least one sensor signal in response to detecting a relative movement between the plurality of position markers and the at least one sensor, and a control unit communicatively coupled to the at least one sensor and configured to generate a feedback signal indicative of the blade pitch angle in response to the at least one sensor signal received from the at least one sensor.

There is provided a pitch control assembly for a rotor of an aircraft, the rotor rotatable about a longitudinal axis and having blades each rotatable about a span-wise axis to adjust a blade pitch angle thereof, the assembly comprising a plurality of position markers spaced circumferentially around the longitudinal axis and having lengths along the longitudinal axis which vary monotonically and incrementally, at least one sensor configured for producing at least one sensor signal in response to detecting a relative movement between the plurality of position markers and the at least one sensor, and a control unit communicatively coupled to the at least one sensor and configured to generate a feedback signal indicative of the blade pitch angle in response to the at least one sensor signal received from the at least one sensor.

A device for taking a measurement of a dimension of a part of the body of a patient, includes: an electronic tape measure having a portable housing, a winder accommodated in the housing, a tape which is partially wound on the winder and of which a portion, called the “unwound portion”, extends outside the housing, and a measuring module for a measurement, relative to the unwound portion; a consistency control module for checking the consistency of the measurement by at least one consistency rule and at least one context datum; and an alert module for delivering an alert if an inconsistency is detected by the consistency control module.

A device for taking a measurement of a dimension of a part of the body of a patient, includes: an electronic tape measure having a portable housing, a winder accommodated in the housing, a tape which is partially wound on the winder and of which a portion, called the “unwound portion”, extends outside the housing, and a measuring module for a measurement, relative to the unwound portion; a consistency control module for checking the consistency of the measurement by at least one consistency rule and at least one context datum; and an alert module for delivering an alert if an inconsistency is detected by the consistency control module.

A linear encoder can have a mass embodiment having a position code marking, a read head having a calibration means, and a control and analysis unit, and calibration method for calibrating a position code made of code elements using the read head. The read head has a sensor unit having at least two detection reference points, the detection distance of which establishes at least one standard with high precision. In the scope of the calibration method, calibrated position values are prepared for code elements with the aid of the standard, which is determined with high precision, and are stored in the control and analysis unit.

The subject disclosure relates to techniques for determining a positioning error of a rotary encoder. A process of the disclosed technology can include steps of receiving measurement data including an angle and timestamp measured at each of a plurality of positions during a rotation of a rotary encoder, determining an angular velocity, at each of the plurality of positions, based on the corresponding measurement data, and determining a positioning error of the rotary encoder based on the angular velocity at each of the plurality of positions. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.