A sensor apparatus comprising a housing having an inner perimeter which defines an area through which gas may flow, the housing being provided with a first chamber which extends around the area through which gas may flow, an entrance being distributed around the first chamber, and a second chamber which extends around the area through which gas may flow, an exit being distributed around the second chamber, the first chamber being arranged to be upstream of the second chamber in use, wherein the sensor apparatus further comprises one or more sensors arranged to measure a pressure difference between pressure in the first chamber and pressure in the second chamber. Corresponding turbocharger and method of measuring a mass flow rate are also provided.

A sensor apparatus comprising a housing having an inner perimeter which defines an area through which gas may flow, the housing being provided with a first chamber which extends around the area through which gas may flow, an entrance being distributed around the first chamber, and a second chamber which extends around the area through which gas may flow, an exit being distributed around the second chamber, the first chamber being arranged to be upstream of the second chamber in use, wherein the sensor apparatus further comprises one or more sensors arranged to measure a pressure difference between pressure in the first chamber and pressure in the second chamber. Corresponding turbocharger and method of measuring a mass flow rate are also provided.

A pilot-operated relief valve assembly can include a relief valve, and a pressure detection assembly. A valve lift factor or indicator of relief flow can be determined based on pressure measurements gathered by the pressure detection assembly.

A pilot-operated relief valve assembly can include a relief valve, and a pressure detection assembly. A valve lift factor or indicator of relief flow can be determined based on pressure measurements gathered by the pressure detection assembly.

Methods, apparatuses and systems for providing dehumidification providing dehumidification for gas detecting components are disclosed herein. An example apparatus may comprise: a flow sensing component configured to detect a flow rate associated with a flowing media in a flow channel of the apparatus; and a controller component in electronic communication with the flow sensing component that is configured to receive a flow rate indication from the flow sensing component, and in response to determining that the flow rate indication satisfies a null condition threshold, apply an exponential smoothing function with a variable alpha value to condition an output signal of the apparatus.

Methods, apparatuses and systems for providing dehumidification providing dehumidification for gas detecting components are disclosed herein. An example apparatus may comprise: a flow sensing component configured to detect a flow rate associated with a flowing media in a flow channel of the apparatus; and a controller component in electronic communication with the flow sensing component that is configured to receive a flow rate indication from the flow sensing component, and in response to determining that the flow rate indication satisfies a null condition threshold, apply an exponential smoothing function with a variable alpha value to condition an output signal of the apparatus.

A pilot-operated relief valve assembly can include a relief valve, and a pressure detection assembly. A valve lift factor or indicator of relief flow can be determined based on pressure measurements gathered by the pressure detection assembly.

A pilot-operated relief valve assembly can include a relief valve, and a pressure detection assembly. A valve lift factor or indicator of relief flow can be determined based on pressure measurements gathered by the pressure detection assembly.

A flow gauge scale assembly includes a first scale and a second scale. The first scale is configured to be disposed in a first radial position on a generally cylindrical flow tube through which a ball can move to indicate a flow rate of a flow of gas. The second scale is configured to be disposed in a second radial position that will be at least partially optically misaligned from the first scale when the flow gauge scale assembly is installed in the generally cylindrical flow tube.

A flow gauge scale assembly includes a first scale and a second scale. The first scale is configured to be disposed in a first radial position on a generally cylindrical flow tube through which a ball can move to indicate a flow rate of a flow of gas. The second scale is configured to be disposed in a second radial position that will be at least partially optically misaligned from the first scale when the flow gauge scale assembly is installed in the generally cylindrical flow tube.