A cooling circuit for a fuel cell includes at least one channel, a mechanical support, a first sensor, and a second sensor. Each channel is formed in a bipolar plate of the fuel cell, and is adapted to permit a cooling fluid to flow. The first sensor senses a flow rate of the cooling fluid. The second sensor senses an electrical conductivity of the cooling fluid. Both the first sensor and the second sensor are installed on the mechanical support.

A circuit arrangement (1) for monitoring the temperature of an electronic component (2), which, in particular, can be impinged with an electric current and can be connected to at least one voltage source (3). The circuit arrangement is able to guarantee safe monitoring of the temperature of an electronic component impinged with electric current by the electronic component (2) being part of at least one Wheatstone bridge (7) and by at least one switching device (8) being provided that influences the impingement of the electronic component (2) with electric current on the basis of a bridge transverse voltage of the Wheatstone bridge (7). Additionally, circuit arrangement (1) is well suited for use in a calorimetric mass flowmeter (18).

A circuit arrangement (1) for monitoring the temperature of an electronic component (2), which, in particular, can be impinged with an electric current and can be connected to at least one voltage source (3). The circuit arrangement is able to guarantee safe monitoring of the temperature of an electronic component impinged with electric current by the electronic component (2) being part of at least one Wheatstone bridge (7) and by at least one switching device (8) being provided that influences the impingement of the electronic component (2) with electric current on the basis of a bridge transverse voltage of the Wheatstone bridge (7). Additionally, circuit arrangement (1) is well suited for use in a calorimetric mass flowmeter (18).

Methods and apparatuses associated with an example flow sensing device are provided. In some examples, the flow sensing device may include a flow cap component and a sensor component. In some examples, the flow cap component may include a heating element disposed in a first layer of the flow cap component. In some examples, the sensor component may include at least one thermal sensing element disposed in a second layer of the sensor component. In some examples, the first layer and the second layer are noncoplanar. In some examples, the flow cap component may be bonded to a first surface of the sensor component to form a flow channel. In some examples, the first layer and the second layer may be noncoplanar and separated by the flow channel.

Methods and apparatuses associated with an example flow sensing device are provided. In some examples, the flow sensing device may include a flow cap component and a sensor component. In some examples, the flow cap component may include a heating element disposed in a first layer of the flow cap component. In some examples, the sensor component may include at least one thermal sensing element disposed in a second layer of the sensor component. In some examples, the first layer and the second layer are noncoplanar. In some examples, the flow cap component may be bonded to a first surface of the sensor component to form a flow channel. In some examples, the first layer and the second layer may be noncoplanar and separated by the flow channel.

A flow measurement probe includes an elongate probe having an averaging pitot tube with a plurality of upstream and downstream openings arranged along a length of the elongate probe, and a thermal flow measurement sensor coupled to the elongate probe. A method of measuring fluid flow rate in a process includes calculating a flow rate of the fluid using differential pressure in upstream and downstream openings of an averaging pitot tube in an elongate probe when the differential pressure is at least a defined measurement threshold, and calculating the flow rate of the fluid with a thermal mass flow sensor coupled to the flow measurement probe when the differential pressure is less than the defined measurement threshold.

A flow measurement probe includes an elongate probe having an averaging pitot tube with a plurality of upstream and downstream openings arranged along a length of the elongate probe, and a thermal flow measurement sensor coupled to the elongate probe. A method of measuring fluid flow rate in a process includes calculating a flow rate of the fluid using differential pressure in upstream and downstream openings of an averaging pitot tube in an elongate probe when the differential pressure is at least a defined measurement threshold, and calculating the flow rate of the fluid with a thermal mass flow sensor coupled to the flow measurement probe when the differential pressure is less than the defined measurement threshold.

A thermal, flow measuring device for ascertaining a mass flow or a flow velocity of a medium in a pipe. The thermal, flow measuring device has at least one measuring transducer with at least a first and a second sensor element. The first sensor element has a pin-shaped metal sleeve, which has a lowest point on a wall of the metal sleeve in the gravitational direction, wherein there is arranged in the metal sleeve at least one heating means, especially a heatable temperature sensor. The heating means is arranged in the metal sleeve and above the aforementioned point in the gravitational direction, in such a manner that the maximum heat input per unit area from the heating means into the medium occurs in the gravitational direction above the point.

A thermal, flow measuring device for ascertaining a mass flow or a flow velocity of a medium in a pipe. The thermal, flow measuring device has at least one measuring transducer with at least a first and a second sensor element. The first sensor element has a pin-shaped metal sleeve, which has a lowest point on a wall of the metal sleeve in the gravitational direction, wherein there is arranged in the metal sleeve at least one heating means, especially a heatable temperature sensor. The heating means is arranged in the metal sleeve and above the aforementioned point in the gravitational direction, in such a manner that the maximum heat input per unit area from the heating means into the medium occurs in the gravitational direction above the point.

Embodiments described herein include systems and methods for detecting flow of a fluid. One embodiment of a system includes a flow body, a thermal tube sensor housing, and a computing device. In some embodiments, the flow body includes an inlet for receiving the fluid and an outlet for expelling the fluid, the thermal tube sensor housing includes a sensor tube that includes a first connection portion and a second connection portion, and the sensor tube is configured with a cross position where a first portion of the sensor tube crosses paths with a second portion of the sensor tube, reducing a thermo-siphoning effect.