An implementation of the present teachings includes a resistor structure for measuring a level of a print material such as a liquid metal print material within a reservoir of a printer such as a magnetohydrodynamic printer. The resistor structure includes a first electrode and a second electrode that are physically and electrically separated from each other. When positioned within the reservoir, the liquid metal physically contacts the first electrode and the second electrode. An electrical resistance between the first and second electrodes changes depending on the level of the print material within the reservoir. As the level of the print material decreases, the electrical resistance between the first electrode and the second electrode increases. The electrical resistance can be measured and used to determine a level of the print material within the reservoir.

An analyzer for a grease interceptor for measuring levels of fat, oils, and grease (FOG), water, sludge and air having a probe which includes a controller and a sensor sub-unit. Sensor circuits include a microcontroller, timers, and sampling capacitors. The sensor sub-unit includes a plurality of electrode ring pairs coupled to a plurality of timers for converting capacitance measurements to frequencies under the control of a microprocessor in the controller. The frequencies identify the measured levels.

Disclosed is a probe unit for a capacitive and/or conductive apparatus for determining and/or monitoring of at least one process variable of a medium in a containment, comprising a rod-shaped probe body, which is embodied in the form of a hollow body, especially with a cylindrical wall, and which has an internal volume, at least one ring-shaped electrode placeable, especially releasably, around the wall of the probe body, and at least one securement unit, which is embodied to secure the at least one electrode, especially releasably, at a predeterminable position on the probe body. Further disclosed is an apparatus for capacitive and/or conductive determining and/or monitoring of at least one process variable of a medium in a containment and having a probe unit of the present disclosure.

A submersible member can include an elongated body defining an outer body surface, the body defining a top end and a bottom end; a base electrode extending through the outer body surface; a first conductive member extending through the body from the top end to the base electrode, the first conductive member connected in electrical communication with the base electrode; an indicator electrode extending through the outer body surface, the indicator electrode positioned between the top end and the base electrode; and a second conductive member extending through the body from the top end to the indicator electrode, the second conductive member connected in electrical communication with the indicator electrode.

An example of an apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a a current source. The apparatus includes a conductor in electrical communication with the current source and a conductive fluid in a reservoir. The apparatus includes a first sensing rod to extend into the reservoir, wherein the first sensing rod has a first diameter. The apparatus includes a tip disposed at an end of the first sensing rod to interact with a surface of the conductive fluid. The tip has a second diameter over a first portion of the tip adjacent to the first sensing rod. The second diameter is smaller than the first diameter. The apparatus includes a sensor to detect an electrical signal between the conductor and the first sensing rod.

A liquid level sensor comprises a main body, a common electrical contact, a base-level electrical contact, and a first-raised-level electrical contact. The common electrical contact and the base-level electrical contact together define a base liquid sensing level. The common electrical contact and the first-raised-level electrical contact together define a first raised liquid sensing level. Electronic circuitry is responsive to a path between the common electrical contact and the base-level electrical contact being electrically closed by moisture to generate a base-level alarm signal, and responsive to a path between the common electrical contact and the first-raised-level electrical contact being electrically closed by moisture to generate a second-level alarm signal. Alternatively, a first pair of electrical contacts and a second pair of electrical contacts may be used.

Disclosed is a magnetically inductive flow measuring probe for determining flow rate and/or flow velocity of a medium, which includes a front part with a front end having a center, a housing, a magnetic field producing means arranged in the housing for producing a magnetic field passing through the front end, and a measuring- and evaluation unit, and characterized in that there are arranged on the front end and forming galvanic contact with the medium three measuring electrodes, which form three measuring electrode pairs, and in that the measuring- and evaluation unit is adapted to register induced measured voltages between at least two measuring electrode pairs, especially three measuring electrode pairs, and to ascertain flow rate and/or flow velocity of the medium as a function of the registered voltages.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a gas liquid separator, a water level sensor, a drain valve, and a control unit. When a failure detection processing method is performed, a control unit makes a determination of main conditions where the water level sensor determines that water is present, a power generation current value of the fuel cell stack is not more than a predetermined current threshold value, a drain valve for discharging water in the gas liquid separator is open. Then, the control unit counts elapsed time when the main conditions are satisfied, and in the case where the main conditions are kept satisfied for the elapsed time which is larger than a time threshold value, the control unit determines that the water level sensor has a failure.

A device for measuring a liquid level inside a tire that include two electrodes that are designed to be positioned inside the tire in such a way that they can be immersed inside the liquid that the tire may contain, and an electric circuit that is electrically connected to these electrodes. The device is designed to measure an electric property of the liquid between the electrodes while the intensity of the electric property depends on the liquid level inside the tire. The electric circuit is designed to output an electric value for the measured electric property as an output signal that can be used to calculate the level of the liquid inside the tire.

Aspects relating to an ink container for an image reproduction device are described herein. The ink container includes a body and an electrical connection. The body is formed by molding a polymer material having a metal seed layer. The electrical connection is formed by metallizing a plurality of traces in the metal seed layer. The electrical connection extends from an inside wall of the ink container to an outer wall. A width of the electrical connection on the inside wall of the ink container gradually varies from a bottom of the ink container to a rim.