In some embodiments, a system comprises a head-mounted frame removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more light sources coupled to the head-mounted frame and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward a target object in an irradiation field of view of the light sources; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering the target object; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more light sources and detectors and configured to determine and display an output indicating the identity or property of the target object as determined by the light properties measured by the detectors in relation to the light properties emitted by the light sources.

A system and method for controlling an emitter assembly comprising a single electromagnetic radiation source for visualizing a surgical site. The emitter assembly comprises a light valve assembly that is coupled to a control circuit. The emitter assembly is configured to emit visible light, infrared radiation, or a combination thereof in either structured or unstructured formats. The control circuit is configured to control the light valve assembly to control which emitter of the emitter assembly is emitting electromagnetic radiation. The light valve assembly can include light valves for controlling whether an emitter receives electromagnetic radiation. Further, the control circuit can control the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the source in accordance with which emitter is receiving electromagnetic radiation.

Pulsed hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging in a light deficient environment is disclosed. A system includes an emitter for emitting pulses of electromagnetic radiation and an image sensor comprising a pixel array for sensing reflected electromagnetic radiation. The system includes a controller configured to synchronize timing of the emitter and the image sensor. The system is such that at least a portion of the pulses of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the emitter comprises one or more of a hyperspectral emission, a fluorescence emission, or a laser mapping pattern.

A surgical robotic visualization system comprises a first robotic arm, a second robotic arm, a photoacoustic receiver coupled to the first robotic arm, an emitter assembly coupled to the second robotic arm, and a control circuit. The control circuit is configured to cause the emitter assembly to emit electromagnetic radiation toward an anatomical structure at a plurality of wavelengths capable of penetrating the anatomical structure and reaching an embedded structure located below a surface of the anatomical structure, receive an input of the photoacoustic receiver indicative of an acoustic response signal of the embedded structure, and detect the embedded structure based on the input from the photoacoustic receiver.

A detecting device of the present disclosure includes a light emitting portion that emits light and a light receiving portion including an angle limiting member that limits an angle of incidence of light from the light emitting portion, wherein the light receiving portion has a first light receiving region and a second light receiving region that is spaced further from the light emitting portion than the first light receiving region is, the angle limiting member includes a first limiting region corresponding to the first light receiving region and a second limiting region corresponding to the second light receiving region, and the degree of angle limitation of the second limiting region is smaller than the degree of angle limitation of the first limiting region.

In some embodiments, a system comprises a head-mounted frame removably coupleable to the user's head; one or more light sources coupled to the head-mounted frame and configured to emit light with at least two different wavelengths toward a target object in an irradiation field of view of the light sources; one or more electromagnetic radiation detectors coupled to the head-mounted member and configured to receive light reflected after encountering the target object; and a controller operatively coupled to the one or more light sources and detectors and configured to determine and display an output indicating the identity or property of the target object as determined by the light properties measured by the detectors in relation to the light properties emitted by the light sources.

A surgical visualization system is disclosed. The surgical visualization system is configured to identify one or more structure(s) and/or determine one or more distances with respect to obscuring tissue and/or the identified structure(s). The surgical visualization system can facilitate avoidance of the identified structure(s) by a surgical device. The surgical visualization system can comprise a first emitter configured to emit a plurality of tissue-penetrating light waves and a second emitter configured to emit structured light onto the surface of tissue. The surgical visualization system can also include an image sensor configured to detect reflected visible light, tissue-penetrating light, and/or structured light. The surgical visualization system can convey information to one or more clinicians regarding the position of one or more hidden identified structures and/or provide one or more proximity indicators.

A surgical visualization system is disclosed. The surgical visualization system includes a control circuit communicatively coupled to a straight line laser source, a structured light emitter, and an image sensor; and a memory communicatively coupled to the control circuit. The memory stores instructions which, when executed, cause the control circuit to control the straight line laser source to project a straight laser line reference; control the structured light source to emit a structured light pattern onto a surface of an element of a surgical device; control the image sensor to detect the projected straight laser line and structured light reflected from the surface of the element of the surgical device; and determine a position of the element of the surgical device relative to the projected straight laser line reference.

The present invention relates to, in a first aspect a handheld modular spectrometer comprising at least a light source, a detector, a sampling means and a processing unit, wherein at least the processing unit is within a spectrometer body that further comprises a connection node, at least the sampling means is within a spectrometer head module that attaches to the spectrometer body, the spectrometer head module further comprises a node interfacing means that interfaces with the connection node upon attachment of the spectrometer head module to the spectrometer body, and the attached spectrometer head module is able to be detached from the spectrometer body, enabling attachment of an alternate spectrometer head module also having a sampling means and node interfacing means, so as to alter at least one functional property of the handheld modular spectrometer.

A device for measuring optical spectra at high speed and with high resolution using tunable optical laser comb sources. In one embodiment there is provided a first tunable comb laser source and a second tunable comb laser source whereby the wavelength of each comb laser source is chosen such that the combination of the two sources provides a continuous spectral coverage over a band in an optical spectrum under a selected wavelength tuning condition. By overlapping the two comb sources in the manner described the deadzone issue is overcome in the most spectrally efficient way possible.