Reflectometer, Spectrophotometer, Ellipsometer and Polarimeter Systems that utilize 1) electromagnetic radiation energy absorbing or reflecting material of spatially distributed different optical densities and 2) wavelength dependent electromagnetic radiation energy aperturing, or both, placed near the entry to said multi-element detector, to improve detector capability to monitor intensity vs. wavelength spectra entered thereinto and provide more uniform detector output, while preferably maintaining beam information content.

Methods and systems that utilize 1) electromagnetic radiation energy absorbing or reflecting material of spatially distributed different optical densities and 2) wavelength dependent electromagnetic radiation energy aperturing, or both, placed near the entry to said multi-element detector, to improve detector capability to monitor intensity vs. wavelength spectra entered thereinto and provide more uniform detector output, while preferably maintaining beam angle and plane of incidence.

An optical device may include an optical filter disposed over a first surface of one or more substrates. The optical filter may include an aperture and may be configured to pass light that is received via the aperture and that is associated with one or more wavelength ranges via the one or more substrates based on an angle of incidence of the light on the optical filter. The optical device may include one or more optical elements disposed over a second surface of the one or more substrates that are configured to direct light beams of the light that are associated with a particular wavelength range, of the one or more wavelength ranges, to a particular set of sensor elements of an optical sensor. The optical filter may include a thin film optical interference filter and the one or more optical elements may include one or more metamaterial structures.

Disclosed is a multispectral imager designed for analyzing a spectral domain of interest, comprising an image sensor (100) formed of an array of macropixels and comprising a first and a second photosensitive pixel (115) respectively dedicated to a first and a second spectral band, and a filtering structure (150) comprising a first and second interference filter (160) which are superimposed respectively on the first and second photosensitive pixel (115) and which are arranged to respectively transmit a first and second electromagnetic radiation belonging respectively to the first and second spectral bands, the multispectral imager in which a wavelength half of that of the second electromagnetic radiation is located in the spectral domain of interest, and a filtering layer (170) is superimposed on the second photosensitive pixel (160) and configured to block the passage of a third electromagnetic radiation of wavelength half that of the second electromagnetic radiation.

A component for building a miniaturized spectrometer includes a substrate elongating in x-, y- and z-direction with a top surface in an x-y plane, whereas an optical waveguide is formed within the substrate along the x-direction below the top surface, reaching into the top surface having two end faces at opposed front and back surfaces at y-z planes of the substrate, a photodetector on the top surface optically coupled with the waveguide and including first lower and upper electrodes spaced apart from each other in z-direction. Both electrodes are electrically conductive and elongate in y-direction crossing the waveguide. The first lower electrode has an active area exposed to the waveguide with a length (1) smaller than the shortest wavelength () to be measured. A first quantum dot layer is arranged between the first lower electrode and the first upper electrode having a height (h) less than 2 m.

An optical device may include an optical filter disposed over a first surface of one or more substrates. The optical filter may include an aperture and may be configured to pass light that is received via the aperture and that is associated with one or more wavelength ranges via the one or more substrates based on an angle of incidence of the light on the optical filter. The optical device may include one or more optical elements disposed over a second surface of the one or more substrates that are configured to direct light beams of the light that are associated with a particular wavelength range, of the one or more wavelength ranges, to a particular set of sensor elements of an optical sensor. The optical filter may include a thin film optical interference filter and the one or more optical elements may include one or more metamaterial structures.

A multispectral imager is provided, designed for analyzing a spectral domain of interest, comprising an image sensor formed of an array of macropixels and comprising a first and a second photosensitive pixel respectively dedicated to a first and a second spectral band, and a filtering structure comprising a first and second interference filter which are superimposed respectively on the first and second photosensitive pixel and which are arranged to respectively transmit a first and second electromagnetic radiation belonging respectively to the first and second spectral bands, the multispectral imager in which a wavelength half of that of the second electromagnetic radiation is located in the spectral domain of interest, and a filtering layer is superimposed on the second photosensitive pixel and configured to block the passage of a third electromagnetic radiation of wavelength half that of the second electromagnetic radiation.

Systems and methods for spectrally-encoded non-scanning imaging through fiber are described. In one embodiment, a method for acquiring an endoscopic image includes: generating incoming light by a source of light; and directing the incoming light toward a metasurface filter array. The metasurface filter array includes a plurality of pixels, wherein each pixel includes a plurality of meta-atoms of a characteristic size. Characteristic sizes of the pluralities of meta-atoms differ from one pixel to another. The characteristic size of the meta-atoms of a given pixel is configured for a wavelength-specific band-pass transmission of light through the given pixel of the metasurface filter array. The method also includes transmitting spatio-spectrally encoded light through an optical fiber; decoding light transmitted through the optical fiber by a spectral decoder; and reconstructing the endoscopic image based on decoded light.