A pressure sensor according to the present invention includes a diaphragm (3) including a first principal surface (3A) and a second principal surface (3B) that is opposite thereto, the first principal surface receiving a pressure of a fluid; a semiconductor chip (1) provided with resistors that constitute a strain gauge; and at least three support members (2a, 2b, 2c) made of an insulating material, each support member being fixed to the second principal surface at one end thereof and to the semiconductor chip at the other end thereof and extending perpendicularly to the second principal surface so as to support the semiconductor chip. One of the support members (2a) is provided at a center (30) of the diaphragm in plan view. At least two of the other support members (2b, 2c) are provided at positions point-symmetrical about the center of the diaphragm in plan view in a region in which the diaphragm is deformed when a pressure greater than a pressure applied to the second principal surface is applied to the first principal surface.

A milling machine includes a primary drum drive assembly that is adapted to rotate a milling drum, and a ground-engaging drive assembly that is adapted to drive the milling machine along a roadway. A lifting column includes a linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway. A sensor that is mounted to the lifting column is adapted to determine if the lifting column is not supporting at least a predetermined portion of the weight of the milling machine. A controller is operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly and to the sensor. The controller is adapted to receive from the sensor a signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the predetermined portion of the weight of the milling machine, and upon receipt of such signal, to stop the rotation of the milling drum.

An elongate force sensor assembly for measuring a force applied in a force application direction and a method of manufacturing the assembly, the force sensor assembly including an extruded elongate force responsive beam element (EFRB) extending along a longitudinal axis which is generally perpendicular to the force application direction, the EFRB having a hollow and generally rectangular cross-section generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis and being formed with a throughgoing longitudinal bore along the longitudinal axis, the throughgoing longitudinal bore being formed together with the EFRB and a strain engine extending along a transverse axis, generally perpendicular to both the force application direction and to the longitudinal axis; at least one strain gauge affixed to the EFRB, each strain gauge generating an output in response to the force, and a plurality of circuit elements operative to convert the output into a force indication, indicating a magnitude of the force.

Described is a compression apparatus for a testing system having a load cell. The disclosed compression apparatus ensures proper seating relative to the load cell to yield accurate compression friction (CF) measurements. The disclosed compression apparatus includes a compression rod and at least one mechanical fastener. The compression rod has a first portion at a distal end and a second portion that defines a threaded bore at a proximal end. The first portion is configured to contact a specimen and the second portion is configured to couple to the load cell. The mechanical fastener is configured to mate with the threaded bore.

A landing string system and method therefor are provided. The landing string system has a measurement device with mechanical sensors that observe mechanical conditions associated with a landing string. Data-storage devices are in communication with the measurement device. The data-storage devices allow storage, from time to time, of data associated with the observed mechanical conditions. A power assembly provides power to the data-storage devices for at least an expected time of service of the system.

An aircraft wing load alleviation device is to be provided to an aircraft having a body, a main wing, and an elongated supporting member with an end fixed to the body and another end fixed to the main wing to support the main wing. The aircraft wing load alleviation device alleviates a load acting on the main wing, and includes a load detector, an actuator, and a controller. The load detector detects the load acting on the main wing. The actuator is provided to the supporting member and applies a load in a longitudinal direction of the supporting member. The controller controls, when the load acting on the main wing is detected, operation of the actuator to make the actuator apply the load to the supporting member in a direction opposite to a direction of a load applied on the supporting member as a result of the detected load.

A milling machine for milling a roadway surface includes a frame and a milling drum that is mounted for rotation with respect to the frame. A primary drum drive assembly is operatively attached to the milling drum and is adapted to rotate the milling drum, and a ground-engaging drive assembly is adapted to drive the milling machine along the roadway surface. A lifting column is attached at its upper end to the frame and at its lower end to the ground-engaging drive assembly. The lifting column includes a linear actuator which can be operated to raise and lower the frame of the machine with respect to the roadway surface. A sensor that is mounted to the lifting column is adapted to determine if the lifting column is not supporting at least a predetermined portion of the weight of the milling machine. A controller is operatively attached to the primary drum drive assembly and to the sensor. The controller is adapted to receive from the sensor a signal indicating that the lifting column is not supporting the predetermined portion of the weight of the milling machine, and upon receipt of such signal, to stop the rotation of the milling drum.

A load sensing pin disposed to receive a load applied in a direction substantially transverse to a longitudinal axis of the pin. A load sensor is substantially fixedly oriented with respect to the applied load or alternatively with respect to the pin which is rotationally restrained with respect to a support structure. The load sensor is disposed to generate a load signal corresponding to strain of the pin resulting from the applied load.

A system for measuring in-train and coupling forces of freight rail cars is provided. The system includes at least four strain sensing elements mounted to the coupler of a railway vehicle. Signals from the strain sensing elements are transmitted to a receiver where they are converted into force readings.

A load cell body for transmitting forces and moments in plural directions is disclosed. The load cell body comprises a first member, a second member and a plurality of pairs of support columns. The second member includes a plurality of apertures, where a portion of a plurality of portions of the first member extends into each aperture. The plurality of pairs of support column columns are configured for each portion of the first member and the corresponding aperture of the second member, such that each pair of support columns connects the corresponding portion of the first member to the second member.