The present disclosure relates to force sensors and force sensor substrates for use with surgical devices.

A force measurement system is disclosed herein. The force measurement system includes a force measurement assembly including at least one load transducer and a data processing device. The at least one load transducer including a load transducer frame portion, the load transducer frame portion including a first transducer beam section and a second transducer beam section, the first transducer beam section being connected to a middle portion of the second transducer beam section, and one or more deformation sensing elements are disposed on the load transducer frame portion. The data processing device is operatively coupled to the one or more deformation sensing elements of the at least one load transducer, the data processing device is configured to receive the first output signals from the one or more deformation sensing elements of the at least one load transducer, and to determine a first output force from the first output signal.

A force detection device includes: a substrate; and a force transmission block. The substrate includes: a mesa gauge arranged on a principal plane of the substrate and providing a bridge circuit; a connection region arranged on the principal plane; and a sealing portion surrounding all around the mesa gauge and connected to the force transmission block. The mesa gauge includes: a first mesa gauge extending in a first direction; and a second mesa gauge extending in a second direction and spaced apart from the first mesa gauge. The connection region electrically connects the one end of the first mesa gauge and the one end of the second mesa gauge.

A boom protection system prevents damage to an insulated boom section. The boom protection system has a static strain-detection assembly, a pressure-detection assembly, and an alarm. The static strain-detection assembly is configured to determine a load disposed from an implement at a distal end of said insulated boom section. The static strain-detection assembly includes a subject plate presenting a void therein, a traversing member spanning the void, and a strain gauge disposed adjacent to the traversing member. The pressure-detection assembly is configured to detect pressure within a hydraulic cylinder that is associated with the insulated boom section. The pressure detection assembly comprises a first pressure gauge at a distal end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a second pressure gauge at a proximal end of the hydraulic cylinder. The alarm is configured to alert a user of potential structural damage to the insulated boom section.

A valve stem connector comprises a first half and a second half, each of which includes a top section adapted to receive a portion of an actuator and a bottom section adapted to receive a portion of a valve stem. A plurality of cut-away sections is disposed in each of the first and second halves, and a pair of shear web installation sites is disposed between the plurality of cut-away sections on each of the first and second halves. A force measurement device is disposed in each shear web installation site of the pair of shear web installation sites, the force measurement device for measuring the strain on the valve stem. Each shear web installation site has a shear strain measurable by the force measurement device, and the plurality of cut-away sections allows for a bending beam near each pocket to minimize deflection.

A boom protection system prevents damage to an insulated boom section. The boom protection system has a static strain-detection assembly, a pressure-detection assembly, and an alarm. The static strain-detection assembly is configured to determine a load disposed from an implement at a distal end of said insulated boom section. The static strain-detection assembly includes a subject plate presenting a void therein, a traversing member spanning the void, and a strain gauge disposed adjacent to the traversing member. The pressure-detection assembly is configured to detect pressure within a hydraulic cylinder that is associated with the insulated boom section. The pressure detection assembly comprises a first pressure gauge at a distal end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a second pressure gauge at a proximal end of the hydraulic cylinder. The alarm is configured to alert a user of potential structural damage to the insulated boom section.

A wheel support having a transducer body includes a first support member having a spindle configured to support a wheel assembly for rotation about an axis of the spindle and a second support member. A plurality of transducer elements connects the first support member and the second support member. One of the first support member and the second support member are configured to be mounted to a vehicle and support the vehicle in part on the spindle.

A garment is provided, configured to support a body part, an comprising a load-bearing portion configured to at least partially bear the weight of the body part, and a sensor functionally connected to the load-bearing portion so as to be acted on by the weight. The sensor comprises a core having one or more strain gauges mounted thereon, and one or more stress absorbers attached to the core. Each stress absorber 5 comprises a flexing member having a fixed end connected to the core, and a free end.

A force sensing module is provided. The force sensing module includes: a first flexible circuit board, a substrate, and a second flexible circuit board stacked in sequence. The substrate includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, and the first surface is provided with a first groove. A first force sensing resistor and a second force sensing resistor are disposed on a first side of the first flexible circuit board facing the first surface. A third force sensing resistor corresponding to the first force sensing resistor and a fourth force sensing resistor corresponding to the second force sensing resistor are disposed on a second side of the second flexible circuit board facing the second surface. The four resistors form a Wheatstone bridge structure. The force sensing module includes a detection circuit, configured to detect a differential voltage of the Wheatstone bridge structure.

A surface treatment method for roughening a surface of a metal material by a laser beam includes: forming a roughened surface adhesion portion on the surface of the metal material by irradiating the laser beam on the surface of the metal material to form a plurality of roughened regions within the roughened surface adhesion portion, each of the roughened regions being formed in a circular shape having an outer ring adjacent to each other. The roughened regions are arranged to satisfy the following Equation (1):
0.5a<d<1.5a(1) where a is a diameter of the outer ring of each of the roughened regions, and d is a center pitch between adjacent roughened regions.