In order to provide a highly sensitive capillary electrophoresis device, a light source, a mirror configured to cause light emitted from the light source to be reciprocally transmitted through a capillary, and a measurement photodiode detecting an optical signal based on the light reciprocally transmitted through the capillary are provided.

A chemical pattern recognition method for evaluating the quality of a traditional Chinese medicine based on medicine effect information, comprising: collecting chemical information of a traditional Chinese medicine sample, obtaining medicine effect information reflecting a clinical therapeutic effect thereof, performing spectrum-effect relationship analysis on the chemical information and the medicine effect information, and obtaining an index significantly related to the medicine effect as a feature chemical index; dividing the traditional Chinese medicine sample into a training set and a test set; using a pattern recognition method to extract a feature variable from samples of the training set by taking the feature chemical index as an input variable; building a pattern recognition model using the feature variable; and substituting feature variable values of samples of the test set into the model, and completing chemical pattern recognition evaluation of the quality of the traditional Chinese medicine. According to the method, chemical reference substances are not needed, the chemical pattern recognition model is built on the basis of the feature chemical index reflecting the medicine effect, the one-sidedness and the subjectivity of the existing standards are overcome, and a traditional Chinese medicine quality evaluation system capable of reflecting both the clinical therapeutic effect and overall chemical composition information is finally formed.

The present disclosure describes a computer implemented method, a system, and a computer program product of determining intrinsic viscosity and Huggins constant of an unknown sample. In an embodiment, the method, system, and computer program product include receiving concentration detector signal values over time from a concentration detector corresponding to a series of aliquots of an unknown sample injected into an instrument chain, receiving specific viscosity values over time from a viscometer corresponding to the series of aliquots, calculating a total mass of each of the aliquots, calculating a first intermediate viscosity value of each of the aliquots, calculating a second intermediate viscosity value of each of the aliquots, and fitting the total mass, the first intermediate viscosity value, and the second intermediate viscosity value to a fitting, resulting in a calculated intrinsic viscosity of the unknown sample and a calculated Huggins constant of the unknown sample.

The present disclosure describes a computer implemented method, a system, and a computer program product of determining intrinsic viscosity and Huggins constant of an unknown sample. In an embodiment, the method, system, and computer program product include receiving concentration detector signal values over time from a concentration detector corresponding to a series of aliquots of an unknown sample injected into an instrument chain, receiving specific viscosity values over time from a viscometer corresponding to the series of aliquots, calculating a total mass of each of the aliquots, calculating a first intermediate viscosity value of each of the aliquots, calculating a second intermediate viscosity value of each of the aliquots, and fitting the total mass, the first intermediate viscosity value, and the second intermediate viscosity value to a fitting, resulting in a calculated intrinsic viscosity of the unknown sample and a calculated Huggins constant of the unknown sample.

A detector, and method, for detecting nucleic acids includes a transmitter adapted to transmit light at 260 nm over an area of illumination, a receiver adapted to receive light at 260 nm from the area of illumination, a comparator adapted to compare the amplitude of light received by the receiver to a background level and to produce a hot-spot signal indicative of the presence of a nucleic acid when the amplitude is attenuated relative to the background level, and a display adapted to display the hot-spot. Preferably, the detector further includes a photographic detector adapted to receive an optical background image over an area including the area of illumination, the display adapted to display the optical background image and the hot-spot within the optical background image.

A system for sensing analyte in at least partly translucent material, including one or more radiation sources configured for successively providing radiation at a first and a second wavelength, respectively, two or more waveguides for simultaneously transmitting the radiation at each wavelength provided by the radiation source, a first waveguide being a reference waveguide and a second being a sensing waveguide; and measuring means for measuring a phase difference between the radiation waves from the reference waveguide and the measuring waveguide, resp. The present method can be used for measuring contaminants such as Fe, Sn, and/or Pb in oil related products, such as carburant or lubricant.

A system for sensing analyte in at least partly translucent material, including one or more radiation sources configured for successively providing radiation at a first and a second wavelength, respectively, two or more waveguides for simultaneously transmitting the radiation at each wavelength provided by the radiation source, a first waveguide being a reference waveguide and a second being a sensing waveguide; and measuring means for measuring a phase difference between the radiation waves from the reference waveguide and the measuring waveguide, resp. The present method can be used for measuring contaminants such as Fe, Sn, and/or Pb in oil related products, such as carburant or lubricant.

The concentration measurement device 100 includes an electric unit 20 having a light source 22 and a photodetector 24, a fluid unit 10 having a measurement cell 1, optical fibers 11 and 12 for connecting the electric unit 20 and the fluid unit 10 and is configured to measure the concentration of the fluid in the measurement cell by detecting the light incident from the light source 22 to the measurement cell and then emitted from the measurement cell by the photodetector 24, where optical connection parts 32 and 34 connected to the optical fibers 11, 12 and the light source 22 or the photodetector 24 are integrally provided in the electric unit 20.

The concentration measurement device 100 includes an electric unit 20 having a light source 22 and a photodetector 24, a fluid unit 10 having a measurement cell 1, optical fibers 11 and 12 for connecting the electric unit 20 and the fluid unit 10 and is configured to measure the concentration of the fluid in the measurement cell by detecting the light incident from the light source 22 to the measurement cell and then emitted from the measurement cell by the photodetector 24, where optical connection parts 32 and 34 connected to the optical fibers 11, 12 and the light source 22 or the photodetector 24 are integrally provided in the electric unit 20.

An apparatus for measuring the absorbance of a substance in a solution, includes at least one sample cell arranged to contain the solution that is at least partially transparent to light of a predefined wavelength spectrum, at least two light passages through the at least one sample cell, each of the light passages having a known path length, an LED light source arrangement including at least two LEDs, each arranged to emit a light output with a wavelength within the predefined wavelength spectrum. A plurality of optical fibers, one for each light passage, is arranged at each LED for receiving the light output and guiding it to the light passages. A method for measuring the absorbance of a substance in a solution includes providing the LED light source arrangement with an associate fiber bundle for each LED.