A method monitors gases produced in an insulating medium circuit. The insulating medium circuit is in contact with a transition resistor of an on-load tap-changer. The method includes: ascertaining a time profile of a resistor temperature of the transition resistor during a loading time period; and determining at least one characteristic value for characterizing the gases produced based upon the time profile of the resistor temperature.

A method monitors gases produced in an insulating medium circuit. The insulating medium circuit is in contact with a transition resistor of an on-load tap-changer. The method includes: ascertaining a time profile of a resistor temperature of the transition resistor during a loading time period; and determining at least one characteristic value for characterizing the gases produced based upon the time profile of the resistor temperature.

A gas measuring device includes: a filter to which a power supply that applies a voltage or current is connected, which generates resistance heat, and which combusts a predetermined combustible gas in contact therewith; and a gas sensor configured to detect the combustible gas that has passed through the filter.

The present disclosure relates to a sensor device including a gas sensor disposed on a first substrate, a heating element disposed within the first substrate so that the gas sensor overlaps the heating element, a processor operatively coupled to the gas sensor and the heating element, and a memory storing a program to be executed by the processor. The gas sensor is configured to measure first sensor data points and second sensor data points. The program includes instructions for performing the following steps in real-time: recording first resistance values and second resistance values of the heating element; adjusting the second sensor data points using the first sensor data points, the first resistance values, and the second resistance values to obtain corrected sensor data points; and determining sensed values from the corrected sensor data points.

A system for detecting an analyte gas in an environment includes a first gas sensor, a first contaminant sensor separate and spaced from the first gas sensor, and electronic circuitry in electrical connection with the first gas sensor to determine if the analyte gas is present based on a response of the first gas sensor. The electronic circuitry is further in electrical connection with the first contaminant sensor to measure a response of the first contaminant sensor over time. The measured response of the first contaminant sensor varies with an amount of one or more contaminants to which the system has been exposed in the environment over time.

A system for detecting an analyte gas in an environment includes a first gas sensor, a first contaminant sensor separate and spaced from the first gas sensor, and electronic circuitry in electrical connection with the first gas sensor to determine if the analyte gas is present based on a response of the first gas sensor. The electronic circuitry is further in electrical connection with the first contaminant sensor to measure a response of the first contaminant sensor over time. The measured response of the first contaminant sensor varies with an amount of one or more contaminants to which the system has been exposed in the environment over time.

A gas sensor device includes a sensing element including a heating element and electronic circuitry in connection with the heating element. The sensing element forms resistive element in a circuit of the electronic circuitry. The electronic circuity operates the sensing element in a trigger mode via a pulsed energy input to the heating element at a first duty cycle and in a primary mode via a pulsed energy input to the heating element at a second duty cycle, which is greater than the first duty cycle. The electronic circuitry is further configured to measure a response of the sensing element over time during each pulse of a plurality of pulses of the pulsed energy input. The primary mode is entered upon measurement of a value of a response at or above a threshold value in the trigger mode of operation.

A battery management system (BMS) to detect conditions favorable to thermal runway. The BMS includes Interdigitated Platinum Electrode (IPE) on a substrate. The IPE contains a coating containing PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate). The system has an impedance measuring system (IMS) to measure impedance changes caused in the IPE due to exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC's) resulting from decomposition of electrolyte in a battery. The impedance changes are indicative of release of the VOC's from the battery signaling a temperature increase in components of the battery. A method of inferring the concentration of VOC's produced by an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing a sensor integrated into the electrochemical cell, the sensor being IPE on a substrate containing a coating containing PEDOT:PSS, recording the impedance response of the sensor to the VOC's released by the electrochemical cell and inferring the concentration of the VOC's.

A battery management system (BMS) to detect conditions favorable to thermal runway. The BMS includes Interdigitated Platinum Electrode (IPE) on a substrate. The IPE contains a coating containing PEDOT:PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate). The system has an impedance measuring system (IMS) to measure impedance changes caused in the IPE due to exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOC's) resulting from decomposition of electrolyte in a battery. The impedance changes are indicative of release of the VOC's from the battery signaling a temperature increase in components of the battery. A method of inferring the concentration of VOC's produced by an electrochemical cell. The method includes providing a sensor integrated into the electrochemical cell, the sensor being IPE on a substrate containing a coating containing PEDOT:PSS, recording the impedance response of the sensor to the VOC's released by the electrochemical cell and inferring the concentration of the VOC's.

Methods, apparatuses, and systems for detecting catalytic pellistor poisoning of a gas sensing apparatus including a resistor, a detector, and a compensator are provided. The method includes sampling a voltage reading of the resistor, calculating an electric current value of a gas sensing apparatus circuit based on the sampled voltage reading of the resistor, sampling voltage readings associated with the detector and the compensator for a duration of time, calculating resistance values of the detector and resistance values of the compensator based on the sampled voltage readings from the detector and the compensator, comparing the resistance values of the detector with the resistance values of the compensator, and identifying poisoning of the gas sensing apparatus based on the comparison.