Metal-organic frameworks for capturing one or more of SO.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2O are disclosed herein. Non-limiting examples of metal-organic frameworks include NbOFFIVE-1-Ni and AIFFIVE-1-Ni, among others. The metal-organic frameworks can be used in applications for removing and/or sensing one or more of SO.sub.2, CO.sub.2, and H.sub.2O from a fluid composition or an environment, either of which can proceed under dry or humid conditions and/or at room temperature.

The present inventive concept relates to a battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor comprising a metal-organic framework and a method of manufacturing the same. In a photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor or humidity sensor according to the present inventive concept, since photoelectron collection electrodes are formed at certain intervals between P-N junction layers, when gas is adsorbed thereon, the gas can be detected without an extra power source by change of photocurrent. Due to fine pores of the metal-organic framework, gas sensitivity may be increased and stability of catalysts may be improved. When catalysts are not provided, humidity may be detected. Therefore, a system that used the photodiode-type battery-free gas sensor and the photodiode-type battery-free humidity sensor together may be performed humidity correction to accurately measure an amount of a gas.

A sensor technology comprising a single nano-material (gold nanoparticles and/or carbon nanotube) based sensor or a plurality of sensors in conjunction with a pattern recognition algorithm for non-invasive and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis caused by M. tuberculosis bacteria in a subject. The sensor technology is suitable for population screening of tuberculosis, particularly in resource-poor and developing countries.

We disclose herein a sensing device comprising a substrate, a dielectric layer located on the substrate, a heater located within the dielectric layer; a material for sensing a gas. The material comprises an alumina (Al.sub.2O.sub.3) doped conductive metal oxide.

In one embodiment, a gas sensor includes a sensing layer having a first region containing PdCuSi, and a second region which is provided outside the first region and contains PdCu.

The invention relates to a heated sensitive layer sensor comprising an insulating substrate bearing the sensitive layer; two complementary measurement electrodes in the form of two adjacent conductive tracks configured in electrical contact with the sensitive layer; and a heating element in the form of a resistive track arranged on the substrate for uniformly heating an active area of the sensitive layer. The resistive track comprises at least three power supply points regularly spaced over the length of the resistive track, and each point of even rank is supplied at a first supply voltage and each point of odd rank is supplied at a second supply voltage.

Disclosed is a system and method for monitoring a characteristic of an environment of an electronic device. The electronic device may include a printed circuit board and a component. A sensor is placed on the printed circuit board, and may be between the component and the board, and connects to a monitor, or detector. An end user device may be used to store, assess, display and understand the data received from the sensor through the monitor.

A sensor system in a package, comprising: a package, the package including: a sensor chip comprising sensor array comprising a plurality of sensing elements, wherein each of the plurality of sensing elements are functionalized with a deposited mixture consisting of hybrid nanostructures and a molecular formulation specifically targeting at least one of a plurality of gases, and wherein each of the plurality of sensing elements comprises a resistance and a capacitance, and wherein at least one resistance and capacitance are altered when the interacting with gaseous chemical compounds; and a mixed signal System on a Chip (SoC), comprising an analog signal conditioning and Analog-to-Digital conversion circuit configured to convert the analog signal into a digital signal, and a low-power processor circuit configured to processes the digital signal using a pattern recognition system implementing gas detection and measurement algorithms.

An air-fuel ratio sensor control apparatus comprises a voltage control part configured to control a voltage Vo1 applied to a cell of an air-fuel ratio sensor in accordance with a sensor current flowing in the cell and a current detection part configured to detect the sensor current as a physical value, which indicates the air-fuel ratio. In the air-fuel ratio sensor control apparatus, a voltage varying time point, at which the voltage control part varies the voltage Vo1, and a current detecting time point, at which the current detection part detects the current, are shifted from each other. A time period Ta from the current detecting time point, which is immediately before the voltage varying time point, to the voltage varying time point and a time period Tb from the voltage varying time point to the current detecting time period, which is immediately after the voltage varying time point, are set to satisfy Ta<Tb.

An apparatus for sensing a target analyte includes a sensing material of a baseline composition. The sensing material is in electrical communication with an an alternating energy input across the sensing material at a first frequency. The sensing material is configured to be placed within an environment such that an exposed state is in communication with a concentration of a target analyte proximate the sensing material, and wherein the target analyte changes at least one compositional property of the baseline composition. An impedance detection device is connected to a sensing circuit and receives an output from the sensing material, the output exhibiting a respective impedance value of the sensing material corresponding to the input for the first frequency. The respective impedance value is dependent upon the concentration of the target analyte in the environment and the first frequency.