A headspace extraction and analysis method for volatile compounds can be performed in automatic mode in a HS-ITEX apparatus adapted to be additionally connectable to a vacuum source. The method includes extracting the headspace by sucking volatile compounds into a sorbent-containing trap followed by desorption into the injector of a GC-MS analyzer.

Provided is a method for measuring the concentration of aliphatic hydroxy oxime and neodecanoic acid using gas chromatography. The method includes the steps of: (a) removing, from a reference material containing an extractant and a diluent, the diluent using a silica column; (b) generating a calibration curve by calculating each peak area of aliphatic hydroxy oxime and neodecanoic acid, which are extractants, by peak integration of gas chromatograms; and (c) calculating the peak area of the organic solvent used in DSX process through the steps (a) and (b) and comparing the peak area with the calibration curve of the step (b) to measure the concentration of aliphatic hydroxy oxime and neodecanoic acid.

This disclosure provides quantitative, rapid, and reliable LC-MS/MS methods for analyzing panels of pesticides and mycotoxins in various samples, including very hydrophobic and chlorinated compounds normally analyzed on a GC-MS/MS system. The methods can be carried out using a single instrument and can detect and quantify levels of the pesticides and mycotoxins that are well below action limits specified by U.S. states (e.g., California) and other countries (e.g., Canada) for these compounds in cannabis products.

Example aspects of a volatile organic compound detection device, a wearable health monitoring device, and a method of monitoring a user's health are disclosed. The volatile organic compound detection device can comprise a collector comprising a collector material configured to collect volatile organic compounds given off from a user's skin; a separator comprising a gas chromatography column configured to separate mixtures of the volatile organic compounds into their constituent chemicals; and an identifier comprising a detector and a processor, the detector configured to transduce the the constituent chemicals into a signal, the processor configured to process the signal to identify specific volatile organic compounds indicative of a health condition.

Substantially pure saponin extracts and orthogonal chromatographic methods for purification of saponin extracts are disclosed. The purified saponin extracts may include QS-21 and can have a purity of greater than 97%. The orthogonal chromatographic method uses reversed-phase (RP) chromatography followed by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC) to generate substantially pure saponin extracts.

A volatile organic compound detection device includes a collector comprising: a collector material configured to collect volatile organic compounds given off from a patient's skin; a heater comprising a heating element, the heating element configured to emit a thermal pulse to desorb the volatile organic compounds from the collector material; and a flow channel configured to receive the volatile organic compounds desorbed by the heater; and a fastener configured to secure the collector to the patient's skin.

Provided is a method for simultaneously detecting Vitamin K1 and Vitamin K2 in traces of blood. The method includes: constructing a two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer, establishing an analytical method, and detecting at least three mixed standard solutions using the constructed two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer to obtain a first detection result; fitting standard curve equations respectively corresponding to Vitamin K1 and Vitamin K2; and mixing and centrifuging a blood sample to which an extraction reagent and a certain amount of internal standard substance are added, collecting a supernatant, blowing the supernatant to dry with nitrogen, redissolving the residue, and detecting the dry supernatant using the constructed two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer to obtain a second detection result. In this manner, concentrations of Vitamin K1 and Vitamin K2 in the blood sample are obtained.

The disclosure describes embodiments of an apparatus including a first gas chromatograph including a fluid inlet, a fluid outlet, and a first temperature control. A controller is coupled to the first temperature control and includes logic to apply a first temperature profile to the first temperature control to heat, cool, or both heat and cool the first gas chromatograph. Other embodiments are disclosed and claimed.

An instrument and a method for simultaneously testing a molecular weight distribution and an organic nitrogen level of a water sample are provided. The instrument comprises: a tail-end injection valve, a chromatographic column, a pressure relief valve, an acid-adding injection valve, an oxygen-adding injection valve, a helical tube for an acid-oxygen reaction, a CO.sub.2 remover, a UV digester, a second gas-water separator membrane, a buffer solution injection valve, a helical tube for a buffer solution reaction, a cadmium column, a chromogenic agent injection valve, a helical tube for a chromogenic agent reaction, and a UV detector, sequentially connected via a pipeline. The tail-end injection valve is for receiving a fluid phase and a sample. The second gas-water separator membrane is connected to an electrical conductivity-based CO2 detector. The UV detector and the electrical conductivity-based CO.sub.2 detector are connected to a data processing computer.

The present invention relates to detection systems for detecting an opioid compound by use of pyrolysis, as well as methods thereof. In particular, the systems are configured to detect the presence of a backbone fragment indicative of a class of opioid compounds, including opioid analogues.