An elemental analysis system includes a reactor having at least one reduction reaction zone including a metal zeolite that can reduce nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) to molecular nitrogen (N.sub.2) by selective catalytic reduction. Correspondingly, a method of elemental analysis includes providing a reactor having at least one reduction reaction zone including a metal zeolite and reducing nitrogen oxides (NO.sub.x) to molecular nitrogen (N.sub.2) by selective catalytic reaction on the metal zeolite.

The present invention relates to a method for quantitatively analyzing Cl, remaining after synthesis, in zinc ferrite synthesized using chloride precursors such as zinc chloride and iron chloride, and provides a method capable of using, in a quantitative analysis method of Cl remaining after synthesis of an inorganic material, AQF-IC, which has been used only in the quantitative analysis of an organic sample since gaseous Cl, discharged after burning zinc ferrite in an automatic quick furnace (AQF) by using an Sn capsule and tungsten oxide (WO3), is analyzed through ion chromatography (IC).

Methods for identifying carbon derived from natural sources in a confectionary product are presented. Methods include separating, extracting and carbon dating components of a confectionary product, e.g., chewing gum or chewing gum base.

The present disclosure is directed at an antibody conjugate having an antibody and a tag, wherein one or more element(s) present in the antibody exhibit an isotope ratio which differs from the naturally occurring isotope ratio of the one or more element(s), wherein the amount of the isotope which is less-common in nature, is increased to at least 4% of the atoms of the respective element in the antibody, as well as uses thereof.

An odor evaluation device, including: a gas chromatograph including a separation column configured to temporally separate a plurality of components contained in an odoriferous analysis-target gas; a timing detector configured to detect, for each of the plurality of components, a timing at which the component exits from the separation column; a gas collector configured to collect, into a sample bag, a gas containing all or some of the components exiting from the separation column when the analysis-target gas is passed through the separation column; a timing setter configured to allow a setting of a timing at which a component contained in the gas to be collected into the sample bag exits from the separation column; and a gas introducer configured to introduce a dilution gas into a passage connecting the separation column and the sample bag.

A system for determining isotopic composition of a gaseous sample. The system includes at least one gas chromatograph for separating the gaseous sample into gaseous components. Furthermore, the system includes a combustion furnace operatively coupled with the at least one gas chromatograph for oxidizing the gaseous components. Moreover, the system includes a water separator operatively coupled with the combustion furnace. Furthermore, the system includes an isotope-ratio mass spectrometer operatively coupled with the water separator. Moreover, the isotope-ratio mass spectrometer comprises an ion source for generating ion beams associated with each of the oxidized gaseous components and a mass analyser for receiving the generated ion beams from the ion source, wherein the mass analyser is operable to determine isotopic concentrations associated with each of the ion beams. Furthermore, the isotope-ratio mass spectrometer is operable to use the determined isotopic concentrations to determine the isotopic composition of the gaseous sample.

Methods of quantifying a N.sup.2-(1-carboxyethyl)-2′-deoxyguanosine (CEdG) levels in biological samples and comparing those levels to known normal levels can diagnose a number of metabolic disorders or complications associated therewith, including diabetes, its associated complications, and cancer. Methods can also determine whether therapies for disorders are effective by measuring CEdG levels before and after treatment. Measurement of CEdG levels is achieved by using liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

The invention relates to a method and the device which is required for its performing for the determination of the isotope ratio of carbon and/or nitrogen in an aqueous mobile phase which contains a sample. The method comprises the following steps: introduction of the aqueous mobile phase into a reactor (i), heating of the aqueous mobile phase with addition of oxygen in the reactor to a temperature of higher than 600° C. for the formation of a water containing sample gas (ii), reduction of the nitrogen oxides being present in the sample gas as well as removal of the contained oxygen (iii), removal of water from the sample gas by chemical drying and/or membrane gas drying (iv) and introduction of the dried sample gas into an isotope mass spectrometer (v). It is essential for the present invention that the introduction in step (i) is realized by introducing the aqueous mobile phase in a capillary tube which leads into the reactor with a gas mixture of oxygen and at least one inert gas, wherein the mass flow of oxygen and inert gas is regulated or controlled by at least one mass flow controller which is upstream with respect to the introduction and that after step (iv) removed water is actively pumped off.

The present disclosure is directed at an antibody conjugate having an antibody and a tag, wherein one or more element(s) present in the antibody exhibit an isotope ratio which differs from the naturally occurring isotope ratio of the one or more element(s), wherein the amount of the isotope which is less-common in nature, is increased to at least 4% of the atoms of the respective element in the antibody, as well as uses thereof.

A method for simultaneous determination of nitrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of natural nitrate and nitrite, which quantitatively converts natural nitrate and nitrite into an organic ester and a nitro-compounds respectively, and then nitrate and nitrite δ.sup.18O and δ.sup.15N are simultaneously determined by adopting a gas chromatography/pyrolysis/gas chromatography/isotope ratio mass spectrometry coupling technology (GC/Py/GC/IRMS). According to the method for simultaneously determining the nitrogen and oxygen isotope compositions of the natural nitrate salt and nitrite salt, the small amount of sample does not result in the loss, acquisition, exchange and fractionation of nitrogen and oxygen.