Investigating the permeability and porosity of geological samples is a routine element of geological studies, and is of particular interest in the oil and gas industry. Core-flood experiments are commonly performed on rock samples to measure transport characteristics in the laboratory. This disclosure reports the design and implementation of a high resolution distributed pressure measurement system for core-flood experiments. A series of microfabricated pressure sensors can be embedded in bolts that are housed within the pressurized polymer sheath that encases a rock core. A feedthrough technology has been developed to provide lead transfer between the sensors and system electronics across a 230-bar pressure difference. The system has been successfully benchtop tested with fluids such as synthetic oil and/or gas. Pressure measurements were recorded over a dynamic range of 20 bar with a resolution as small as 0.3 mbar.

A system for determining an adiabatic stress derivative of temperature for rock includes two pressure vessels containing a rock sample unit. The two pressure vessels are both filled with silicon oil. Bottoms of the pressure vessels are communicated with each other through an oil pipe. Each of the pressure vessels is communicated with a booster pump through an oil inlet pipe, and is provided with a pressure relief pipe at its top. Each of the oil pipe, the oil inlet pipes, and the pressure relief pipes is respectively provided with a drain valve. Each of the oil inlet pipes is respectively provided with a pressure sensor. Each of the rock sample units is respectively encapsulated in a rubber sleeve immersed in the silicone oil, and each rock sample is provided with temperature sensors on a surface and in a center thereof.

The present invention provides a supercritical carbon dioxide core fracturing holder under pore pressure saturation, including a holding sleeve; a left end sleeve and a right end sleeve are correspondingly embedded at the two end ports of the holding sleeve, and a fixed plug is docked to the left end sleeve; a moving plug movably passes through the right end sleeve, and a piston ring is formed on the outer side face of the moving plug; a sealing rubber sleeve for holding a test sample is disposed; two axial fluid injection pipelines are correspondingly disposed within the fixed plug and the moving plug; and an axial displacement measuring device is disposed between the outer end of the right end sleeve and the moving plug, and a fluid injection chamber is formed between the inner wall of the holding sleeve and the outer side face of the sealing rubber sleeve.

A high-temperature and high-pressure simulator for a deep in-situ environment is provided. The simulator includes a high-fidelity sample chamber, where a lower end of the high-fidelity sample chamber is provided with a bottom cylinder. A lower end of the bottom cylinder is provided on a base. A piston rod of the bottom cylinder extends into the high-fidelity sample chamber, and an upper end of the piston rod is provided with a rock sample seat. An upper end of the high-fidelity sample chamber is provided with a rock sample cap. The top of the high-fidelity sample chamber is sealed by an end cap of the high-fidelity sample chamber. An upper end of the end cap of the high-fidelity sample chamber is provided with a multi-section coring drill chamber. The uppermost section of the coring drill chamber is connected to a lift cylinder.

The present invention discloses a rock mechanics experiment system for simulating deep-underground environment, including a triaxial chamber consisting of a chamber cavity and a test pedestal, a stress field building module, a high pressure seepage field building module, a high temperature field building and a seepage medium permeating control measurement module arranged in the triaxial chamber, a lifting module used for installing and disassembling of the chamber cavity, and computer module used for controlling the operation of system and calculating and outputting the test data. The lifting module includes a door-shaped support frame, a cylinder piston device vertically mounted on the door-shaped support frame beam, a coupling device and a safety suspension device. The coupling device includes an oil hydraulic rod with the upper end fixedly coupled with the piston, a safety disk fixedly coupled with the lower end of the hydraulic rod, and two symmetrically disposed coupling assemblies.

An apparatus and method for determining time-dependence failure under constant temperature through high pressure true triaxial loading for hard rock, includes a pressure chamber and four actuators, wherein a sample bearing platform is arranged in a center of the pressure chamber, a sample bearing and containing chamber is arranged in a center of the sample bearing platform, and a confining pressure loading oil supply hole is formed in the sample bearing platform, and communicates with a confining pressure loading injection pump; each actuator includes a sealing cover, an annular end cover, a counter-force cylinder barrel, a piston, a piston rod, a sealing flange and a stress loading injection pump; a heating coil is arranged in the pressure chamber; a force sensor is fixedly mounted at the end part of the piston rod; and a pressure sensor is mounted in the sample bearing platform.

A high-pressure true triaxial test apparatus with capacity of low-frequency disturbance and high-speed impact includes static and dynamic loading frames, four static loading actuators, two dynamic loading actuators and an SHPB mechanism, wherein all actuators are connected with a hydraulic station system; a hollow way is formed in the axial center of each piston shaft of the dynamic loading actuators, a dynamic pressure sensor adopting a hollow ring structure is mounted at the end part of each piston shaft, and the SHPB mechanism applies a high-speed impact load on a rock sample through the dynamic pressure sensors respectively; and the dynamic loading actuators adopt a static pressure oilway balance support sealing manner and are connected with the hydraulic station system, each oilway is provided with an energy accumulator, and flow is increased by the servo valves to drive pistons to perform dynamic response.

An impact penetration resistant laminate comprises a plurality of alternating layers of (i) non-fibrous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene monolayers and (ii) a thermoplastic adhesive, the adhesive having a basis weight of no greater than 5 gsm and a zero-shear-rate viscosity, determined from an oscillating disc rheometer in a frequency sweep between 0.1 rad/s and 100 rad/s, conducted per ASTM D 4440 at 125 C., and calculated from fitting to a Carrea-Yasuda four parameter model, of at least 1500 Pa-s, wherein (a) at least 90 percent of the monolayers are arranged such that the orientation of one monolayer is offset with respect to the orientation of an adjacent monolayer, and (b) the modulus of elasticity through the thickness of the laminate is at least 3 GPa.

An impact penetration resistant laminate comprises a plurality of alternating layers of (i) non-fibrous ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene monolayers and (ii) a thermoplastic adhesive, the adhesive having a basis weight of no greater than 5 gsm and a zero-shear-rate viscosity, determined from an oscillating disc rheometer in a frequency sweep between 0.1 rad/s and 100 rad/s, conducted per ASTM D 4440 at 125 C., and calculated from fitting to a Carrea-Yasuda four parameter model, of at least 1500 Pa-s, wherein (a) at least 90 percent of the monolayers are arranged such that the orientation of one monolayer is offset with respect to the orientation of an adjacent monolayer, and (b) the modulus of elasticity through the thickness of the laminate is at least 3 GPa.

A system and method for determining adiabatic stress derivative of temperature for rocks under water. The system includes three pressure vessels disposed in seawater. A data collecting unit is in the first pressure vessel. A rock sample is in a first chamber of the second pressure vessel. A temperature sensor is in each of the center of the rock, the surface of the rock sample, and the first chamber. A pressure sensor is also in the first chamber. Outputs of the temperature sensors and the pressure sensor are communicated with inputs of the data collecting unit. A first drain valve is provided on the second pressure vessel and communicated with the first chamber. A second drain valve is provided between the second pressure vessel and the third pressure vessel, and communicated with the first chamber and the second chamber.