Described herein are compositions for increasing IL-12 production comprising IgG or a fragment thereof or a variant thereof and uses of said compositions for treating cancer and infectious diseases. Also described herein are compositions for decreasing IL-12 production comprising an agent that inhibits signaling mediated by interaction between FcRn and IgG and uses of said compositions for treating autoimmune diseases. Further described herein are methods for assessing efficacy of treatment by monitoring levels of various cytokines in the subject.

Provided are a composition for diagnosing vascular disease including an agent measuring a level of interleukin 12 receptor 2 protein in the blood, and a kit for diagnosing vascular disease including the same. Further, provided is a method for diagnosing vascular disease, the method including the step of measuring a level of interleukin 12 receptor 2 protein in a blood sample separated from an individual suspected of having vascular disease. Furthermore, provided are a composition for preventing or treating vascular disease including an interleukin 12 receptor 2 activity inhibitor, and a method of screening a therapeutic agent for vascular disease, the method including the step of treating smooth muscle cells with a test agent for vascular disease treatment and measuring an expression level of interleukin 12 receptor 2.

A method for manufacturing a measuring kit is disclosed. The method for manufacturing a measuring kit includes steps of providing a carrier including a substrate having a surface; coating a silane onto the surface of the substrate; providing an organic molecule; adding the organic molecule onto the carrier; outputting a microwave energy by a coaxial cable; and emitting the microwave energy through a radiator to microwave the carrier and the organic molecule uniformly to coat the organic molecule onto the carrier carrying the silane, wherein the measuring kit is used to apply an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Diagnostic screening tests that can be used to identify if a patient is a good candidates for an implantable vagus nerve stimulation device. One or more analyte, such as a cytokine or inflammatory molecule, can be measured from a blood sample taken prior to implantation of a vagus nerve stimulator to determine the patient's responsiveness to VNS for treatment of an inflammatory disorder.

The present invention provides a sensitive and specific indirect homogeneous mobility shift assay using size exclusion chromatography to measure biologics such as vedolizumab and ustekinumab in a patient sample. The assays of the present invention are particularly advantageous for detecting the presence or level of biologics that target complex or large antigens including cell surface proteins, transmembrane proteins, heavily glycosylated proteins, and multimeric proteins, as well as antigens that cannot be purified, impure antigens, and partially or substantially purified antigens. The present invention also provides isolated soluble 47 integrin heterodimers and isolated soluble IL-12p40 monomers that are suitable for use in the indirect assays described herein.

Described herein are compositions for increasing IL-12 production comprising IgG or a fragment thereof or a variant thereof and uses of said compositions for treating cancer and infectious diseases. Also described herein are compositions for decreasing IL-12 production comprising an agent that inhibits signaling mediated by interaction between FcRn and IgG and uses of said compositions for treating autoimmune diseases. Further described herein are methods for assessing efficacy of treatment by monitoring levels of various cytokines in the subject.

The disclosure provides biomarker proteins, a change in the concentration or activity level of which are associated with atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) or clinically meaningful treatment of aHUS with a complement inhibitor. Also provided are compositions and methods for interrogating the concentration and/or activity of one or more of the biomarker proteins in a biological fluid. The compositions and methods are useful for, among other things, evaluating risk for developing aHUS, diagnosing aHUS, determining whether a subject is experiencing the first acute presentation of aHUS, monitoring progression or abatement of aHUS, and/or monitoring response to treatment with a complement inhibitor or optimizing such treatment.

The present invention provides a sensitive and specific indirect homogeneous mobility shift assay using size exclusion chromatography to measure biologics such as vedolizumab and ustekinumab in a patient sample. The assays of the present invention are particularly advantageous for detecting the presence or level of biologics that target complex or large antigens including cell surface proteins, transmembrane proteins, heavily glycosylated proteins, and multimeric proteins, as well as antigens that cannot be purified, impure antigens, and partially or substantially purified antigens. The present invention also provides isolated soluble ?4?7 integrin heterodimers and isolated soluble IL-12p40 monomers that are suitable for use in the indirect assays described herein.

In various embodiments, provided are immune response signatures that can be used for the diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment of long-term diseases and inflammatory disorders caused by viral infections. In some embodiments, the viral infection is SARS-CoV-2 infection. In some embodiments, the long-term disease is post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).

The present invention discloses a fragment of peptide which can be utilized in patients suffering from a disseminated mycobacterial infection. The fragment of peptide contains a sequence of amino acids with seven residues as formula (I) shown below, wherein X.sub.1 is Leucine (Leu); X.sub.2 is Proline (Pro); X.sub.3 is Glutamate (Glu); X.sub.4 is serine (Ser); X.sub.5 is Serine (Ser); X.sub.6 is Leucine (Leu) and X.sub.7 is Arginine (Arg): X.sub.1-X.sub.2-X.sub.3-X.sub.4-X.sub.5-X.sub.6-X.sub.7 (I).