The invention provides methods of treating cancer and methods for selecting approaches for treatment of cancer.

The present invention refers to the use of gene sequences or portions thereof characterized in that the same belong to the classes of in vitro and ex vivo induced, repressed or conserved genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis currently infected human macrophages and to corresponding peptides or consensus peptides or proteins for the preparation of specific bio-markers for the diagnosis and prevention of active or latent disease.

In some aspects, provided herein is a method of enhancing production of interleukin-17 (IL-17), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), or both by a mammalian T cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with a C5L2 inhibitor. In some aspects, provided herein is a method of enhancing Th1 and/or Th17 responses by a mammalian T cell, the method comprising contacting the cell with a C5L2 inhibitor. In some aspects, provided herein is a method of enhancing production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), or both by a mammalian T cell or monocyte, the method comprising contacting the cell with a C5L2 inhibitor. In some aspects, provided herein is a method of decreasing suppressive activity of a T regulatory cell, e.g., a natural regulatory T (nTreg) cell, the method comprising contacting a Treg cell, e.g., an nTreg cell, with an inhibitor of C5L2.

The present invention relates to means and methods for determining whether a patient is in need of a PD-L1 inhibitor cotherapy. A patient is determined to be in need of the PD-L1 inhibitor cotherapy if a low or absent ER expression level and an expression level of programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) that is increased in comparison to a control is measured in vitro in a sample from the patient. The patient is undergoing therapy comprising a modulator of the HER2/neu (ErbB2) signaling pathway (like Trastuzumab) and a chemotherapeutic agent (like dodetaxel) or such a therapy is contemplated for the patient. Also provided herein are means and methods for treating a cancer in a cancer patient for whom therapy comprising a modulator of the HER2/neu (ErbB2) signaling pathway (like Trastuzumab) and a chemotherapeutic agent (like dodetaxel) is contemplated, wherein the patient is to receive PD-L1 inhibitor cotherapy.

Disclosed herein are methods that employ the use of one or more biomarkers for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals (COVID-19 patients). The methods may employ detection and measurement of one or more cytokines, the measurement of which may be used to treat COVID-19 patients with one or more immunomodulatory therapies.

The subject invention pertains to systems and methods diagnosing, monitoring and treating women for successful embryo implantation and establishment of pregnancy using peripheral blood cytokine profiling and administration of immune-modulators to establish an implantation-promoting microenvironment in the uterus.

A method of immune phenotyping (evaluating adaptive and innate immune status) a subject is disclosed that includes providing a biological sample comprising diluted whole blood or isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), quantitating T cell interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and monocyte TNF-α production using ELISpot in the biological sample comprising diluted whole blood, and determining that the subject has an immunosuppressive immunological endotype if T cell interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and/or monocyte TNF-α production are decreased or low compared to a healthy subject. The disclosed method may be used to evaluating drug efficacy by measuring immune function in a subject after administering a drug to the subject to determine changes in the immune function of the subject in response to the drug.

A method of preparing an immunological substance detection nanowire complex includes preparing a multilayer nanowire in which a first metal and a second metal are alternately stacked, attaching a polymer, having a carboxyl group and an amine group at both ends of the polymer, to the second metal, attaching a first antibody, treated with a thiol's group, to the first metal of the multilayer nanowire, and attaching a second antibody to the second metal through the carboxyl group of the polymer. The second antibody includes a phosphor.

Disclosed herein are methods that employ the use of one or more biomarkers for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infected individuals (COVID-19 patients). The methods may employ detection and measurement of one or more cytokines, the measurement of which may be used to treat COVID-19 patients with one or more immunomodulatory therapies.

Disclosed are methods for methods for quantitating and standardizing an anti-inflammatory response of a product and methods for determining the likelihood that a product would produce an anti-inflammatory effect in a subject when administered to the subject. Accordingly, disclosed herein are methods, compositions and kits for characterizing and evaluating the anti-inflammatory effect of products, particularly therapeutic biological products.