The present technology generally relates to methods and compositions relevant to the prediction that a subject with and/or after treatment for DCIS will experience a subsequent ipsilateral breast event that is a DCIS recurrence, an invasive breast cancer, both a DCIS recurrence and invasive cancer, or neither. The technology can assist one with how to treat such subjects.

Methods and kits for the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA). In particular, the use of a new diagnostic parameter that is composed of the ratio between the Ang II level, in particular the steady state equilibrium Ang II level, and the aldosterone level in a biological sample, such as e.g. plasma. The ratio of the two measured parameters is used to diagnose PHA in patients and has clear advantages over currently used diagnostic methods.

Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for detecting ESR1/CCDC170 gene fusions relating to cancer. Also disclosed herein are compositions and methods for diagnosing and treating cancers that include detecting an ESR1/CCDC170 gene fusion.

Provided herein a method for enhanced assessment of breast cancer in a subject including identification of circulating breast cancer cells in a biological sample and single-cell, whole-genome sequencing of the identified circulating breast cancer cells. Optionally, cell-free tumor DNA is further assessed from the same biological sample or a parallel sample. Also provided are methods of treating a subject with breast cancer using the enhanced assessment to select one or more anti-cancer agents for administering to the subject.

The specification provides methods of determining whether a subject suffering from ER+/HER2+ breast cancer is likely to respond to adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy and methods of treating a subject suffering from ER+/HER2+ breast cancer.

The disclosure provides a method of predicting de novo resistance to androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapy in a tumor of a prostate cancer patient comprising (a) performing a direct analysis comprising immunofluorescent staining and morphological characteristization of nucleated cells in a blood sample obtained from the patient to generate circulating tumor cell (CTC) data, wherein the analysis comprises determining a measurable feature of a panel of traditional and non-traditional CTC biomarkers for de novo resistance to androgen receptor (AR) targeted therapy, and (b) evaluating the CTC data to determine the probability of de novo resistance to the AR targeted therapy in the tumor of the prostate cancer patient. Further disclosed are the panel of traditional and non-traditional CTC biomarkers for the methods.

The present patent relates to a method for qualitative identification and quantitative prediction of thyroid hormone disrupting chemicals base on the interaction between thyroid hormone receptor and co-regulators (coactivator and corepressor).The method identifies chemicals as passive antagonists, active antagonists and agonists by means of co-regulator involved molecular dynamics simulations, and predicts the relative disrupting potencies by use of binding free energy, therefore, may be used for screening of thyroid hormone disruptors among environmental pollutants. Upon more comprehensive consideration of the functioning mechanism of thyroid hormone receptor, the present invention is able to sufficiently identify thyroid hormone disruptors as agonists and antagonists, and gives more accurate prediction of the disrupting potency. Further, since nuclear receptors, just as thyroid hormone receptor, are strongly associated with co-regulators, the method may be expanded to the screening of nuclear receptor mediated endocrine disruptors.

Provided herein are methods for preventing or treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in a subject, the methods including: administering an agent which inhibits formation of a glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-FK506 Binding Protein 51 (FKBP51) complex (GR-FKBP51 complex), or which disrupts already formed GR-FKBP51 complex, to the subject; thereby reducing a level of GR-FKBP51 complex in the subject and preventing or treating the PTSD. Also provided are methods for diagnosing a subject as having, or being at risk of developing, a PTSD, the methods including steps of: measuring a level of a GR-FKBP51 complex in the subject; comparing the measured level to a reference level of a non-PTSD condition; and identifying the subject as having, or being at risk of developing, PTSD where the measured level is elevated relative to the reference level. Agents, compositions, and/or kits for the diagnosis and/or treatment of PTSD are also described.

A tissue staining method which comprises: staining a tissue with a staining reagent wherein a biosubstance recognition site is bonded to particles carrying multiple fluorescent substances accumulated therein; in the stained tissue, counting fluorescent points or measuring fluorescent brightness; and evaluating the expression level of a biosubstance, which matches the biosubstance recognition site, in the aforesaid tissue on the basis of the number of the fluorescent points or fluorescent brightness that was measured.

The present disclosure provides androgen receptor (AR) and phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) inhibitor compounds and compositions including said compounds. The compounds can provide dual functionality for inhibiting AR and inhibiting PDE-5. The present disclosure also provides methods of using said compounds and compositions for inhibiting AR and PDE-5 in a biological system or sample. Also provided are methods of preparing said compounds and compositions, and synthetic precursors of said compounds.