A method for measuring the current circulating through at least one conductor with the use of optical fiber-based measuring equipment is provided. According to one implementation the measuring equipment includes a first emitter that emits a first signal which reaches a sensing branch through a first branch, runs through the sensing branch, and is modified depending on the current circulating through the conductor. A modified first signal is received by a second receiver from a second branch. A second emitter emits a second signal which reaches the sensing branch through the second branch, runs through the sensing branch, and is modified depending on the current circulating through the conductor. A modified second signal is received by a first receiver from the first branch. The current circulating through the conductor is determined by combining the modified first signal and the modified second signal.

A measurement system for real-time visualization of radiation pattern is provided. The measurement system comprises an antenna array with a plurality of antennas configured to provide a voltage gain corresponding to a received radio signal. Furthermore, the measurement system comprises a plurality of radio frequency detectors configured to rectify the voltage gain from each antenna of the plurality of antennas. In addition, the measurement system comprises a plurality of amplifiers downstream of the plurality of radio frequency detectors configured to amplify the magnitude of a rectified voltage from each of the radio frequency detectors. The measurement system moreover comprises a plurality of receiving elements, each includes a light emitting diode and configured to receive an amplified voltage corresponding to each amplifier of the plurality of amplifiers.

A non-invasive method of detecting electrical activity in a target volume. The method can comprise aiming a plurality of antennas at one or more target sub-volumes within a target volume and acquiring the radio signal created when an electrical discharge occurs. The method can then comprise processing the radio signals to determine the electrical activity within the target volume and displaying the electrical activity in the target volume.

The present invention relates to a device (1) for measuring a magnetic field (B) and/or an electric field (E) comprising:a measurement cell (3) enclosing a gas that is sensitive to the Zeeman effect and/or to the Stark effect, a polarised light source (7) the wavelength of which is tuned to an absorption line of the gas that is sensitive to the Zeeman effect and/or to the Stark effect,at least one polarimetry system (11) configured to measure a first parameter corresponding to the rotation by a polarisation angle caused by the passage of the beam (9) through the measurement cell (3) enclosing a gas that is sensitive to the Zeeman effect and/or to the Stark effect,a system (13) for measuring absorption, configured to measure a second parameter corresponding to the absorption of the beam (9) by the gas that is sensitive to the Zeeman effect and/or to the Stark effect in the measurement cell (3), and a processing unit (15) configured to combine the measurement of the first parameter corresponding to the rotation by the polarisation angle and the absorption measurement in order to extract therefrom a third and/or fourth parameter corresponding respectively to an electric field (E) and/or a magnetic field (B) to be measured.

A fiber-optic current sensor includes an opto-electronics module, a sensor head and a connecting fiber connecting the opto-electronics module to the sensor head. The sensor includes a first and a second beam splitter, between which the measuring light runs in two branches. One fiber connector is arranged in each branch, for connecting a cable assembly to the opto-electronics module. The optical path lengths between the two connectors and the second beam splitter are different, such that light waves cross-coupled into an orthogonal polarization mode due to angular misalignment of the connectors become incoherent with the non-cross-coupled waves returning from the sensor head.

A Faraday-based polarization scrambler is disclosed. The Faraday-based polarization scrambler may comprise a first toroidal assembly. The first toroidal assembly may include an optical fiber that is looped to form a first looped portion, and a first electrical wire that coils around the first looped portion to form a first toroidal configuration. In some examples, the first electrical wire may be connected to a voltage source and carries a current to form a magnetic field within the first toroidal configuration. In some examples, there may be additional toroidal assemblies provided to the Faraday-based polarization scrambler. One or more of these toroidal assemblies may create an actuation field to effect modulation for polarization scrambling and emulation that mitigates polarization-dependent effects.

A fiber optic sensor and related method are described, with the sensor including a cross-coupling element in the optical path between a polarizing element and a sensing element, but separated from the sensing element itself; with the cross-coupling element generating a defined cross-coupling between the two orthogonal polarization states of the fundamental mode of a polarization maintaining fiber guiding light from the light source to the sensing element thus introducing a wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent sensor signal shift to balance wavelength-dependent or temperature-dependent signal shifts due to other elements of the sensor, particularly signal shifts due to the wavelength dependence of the Faraday effect or the electro-optic effect constant.

To provide a magnetic sensor element and a magnetic sensor device that can be easily manufactured and can reduce a loss of light to the extent possible. The above-described problem is solved by a magnetic sensor element comprising a planar lightwave circuit (11) provided with a light branching part (12), an input optical fiber (19) and an output optical fiber (20) connected to the planar lightwave circuit (11), a metal magnetic body type light transmitting film (30) that is provided on one end surface of the planar lightwave circuit (11) and transmits light entered from the input optical fiber (19), and a reflecting film (40) that is provided on the metal magnetic body type light transmitting film (30) and reflects the transmitted light. The output optical fiber (20) is a polarization-plane maintaining optical fiber, and the input optical fiber (19) and the output optical fiber (20) are aligned and connected to the planar lightwave circuit (11).

A measurement system for real-time visualization of radiation pattern is provided. The measurement system comprises an antenna array with a plurality of antennas configured to provide a voltage gain corresponding to a received radio signal. Furthermore, the measurement system comprises a plurality of radio frequency detectors configured to rectify the voltage gain from each antenna of the plurality of antennas. In addition, the measurement system comprises a plurality of amplifiers downstream of the plurality of radio frequency detectors configured to amplify the magnitude of a rectified voltage from each of the radio frequency detectors. The measurement system moreover comprises a plurality of receiving elements, each includes a light emitting diode and configured to receive an amplified voltage corresponding to each amplifier of the plurality of amplifiers.

A Faraday-based polarization scrambler is disclosed. The Faraday-based polarization scrambler may comprise a first toroidal assembly. The first toroidal assembly may include an optical fiber that is looped to form a first looped portion, and a first electrical wire that coils around the first looped portion to form a first toroidal configuration. In some examples, the first electrical wire may be connected to a voltage source and carries a current to form a magnetic field within the first toroidal configuration. In some examples, there may be additional toroidal assemblies provided to the Faraday-based polarization scrambler. One or more of these toroidal assemblies may create an actuation field to effect modulation for polarization scrambling and emulation that mitigates polarization-dependent effects.