Multi-dimensional spectra associated with a specimen are reconstructed using lower dimensional spectra as constraints. For example, a two-dimensional spectrum associated with diffusivity and spin-lattice relaxation time is obtained using one-dimensional spectra associated with diffusivity and spin-lattice relaxation time, respectively, as constraints. Data for a full two dimensional spectrum are not acquired, leading to significantly reduced data acquisition times.

Described here are systems and methods for volumetric excitation in magnetic resonance imaging (“MRI”) using frequency modulated radio frequency (“RF”) pulses. In general, quadratic phase modulation along the slice encoding direction is implemented for additional spatiotemporal encoding, which better distributes signal content in the slice direction and enables higher acceleration rates that are robust to slice-undersampling.

Methods for fast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using a combination of outer volume suppression (OVS) and accelerated imaging, which may include simultaneous multislice (SMS) imaging, data acquisitions amenable to compressed sensing reconstructions, or combinations thereof. The methods described here do not introduce fold-over artifacts that are otherwise common to reduced field-of-view (FOV) techniques.

A nuclear magnetic resonance method of analysis for glycosaminoglycans in general, and of heparins and low molecular weight heparins and their derivatives in particular, is provided. The method allows for their identification and for relative quantification of respective characteristic signals by .sup.1H-NMR and/or .sup.1H-.sup.13C HSQC.

A protocol to determine chemical shift-specific T.sub.1 constants in inhomogeneous fields. Based on intermolecular double-quantum coherences and spatial encoding techniques, the method can resolve overlapped peaks in inhomogeneous fields using the conventional method. With inversion recovery involved, the amplitude of peaks will be modulated by the time of inversion recovery. After fitting the amplitude curves, the corresponding longitudinal relaxation time can be achieved. With the measured T.sub.1 values in inhomogeneous fields, we can have insights into the chemical exchange rates, signal optimization and data quantitation.

This invention provides a NMR multi-dimensional method for measuring coupling constants within several coupling networks. At first, a 90 hard pulse was performed to flip the magnetization from the Z axis to the XY plane. After t.sub.1/2, a selective 180 pulse is implemented with a simultaneous Z-direction gradient, thus reversing different protons at different slices. Then the PSYCHE element is implemented. After another t.sub.1/2, the gradient G.sub.1 and G.sub.p are implemented. At last, the EPSI readout is used to simultaneously record both the chemical-shift and the spatial information. As a result, from different specific slices, we can extract the scalar couplings between the proton reversed at this slice and other protons. These couplings lead to splittings in the indirect dimension, from which relevant coupling constants can be measured.

A nuclear magnetic resonance method of analysis for glycosaminoglycans in general, and of heparins and low molecular weight heparins and their derivatives in particular, is provided. The method allows for their identification and for relative quantification of respective characteristic signals by .sup.1H-NMR and/or .sup.1H-.sup.13C HSQC.

A method and system for monitoring therapeutic interventions for treating a patient with PTSD comprises using a scanner to obtain pre-treatment neural spectroscopic data of at least one neuromarker chemical in the brain of the patient before treatment, treating the patient with at least one treatment protocol, after treatment, obtaining post-treatment neural spectroscopic data of the at least one neuromarker chemical in the brain of the patient, and comparing the results of the pre-treatment and post-treatment data to enable a determination of the effectiveness of the treatment.

An integrated MRI and MRS system includes a plurality of different classifiers for detecting the likelihood of the new data to be one of the different diseases/conditions in different body organs, and even the progression of the disease, disease state and condition within that organ. An interface module receives information on the individual including region of the body and potential disease/condition; and provides this information to a data analysis unit which automatically dictates which coil, the scanning protocol and classifier

An analytical method employing nuclear magnetic resonance of glycosaminoglycans in general, and of heparins and low molecular weight heparins and their derivatives in particular, is provided. The method is used for identification and the relative quantification of characteristic signals by .sup.1H-NMR and/or .sup.1H-.sup.13C HSQC.