Procedures are disclosed to enable a wireless device to determine its alignment direction toward a base station or another device in 5G or 6G, using a “phased beam-alignment pulse”, which is a transmitted pulse having phase modulation that varies with angle. For example, the pulse may be transmitted spanning 360 degrees of angle, and may be phase modulated varying from 0 to 360 degrees of phase in the same angular range. A user device can receive the phased beam-alignment pulse and immediately determine, from the phase, the alignment angle toward the transmitter. In another embodiment, the transmitter transmits a uniform, non-directional pulse, and the receiver receives it using an antenna configured to impose an angle-dependent phase shift, thereby indicating the alignment direction. With either method, wireless entities can align their beams rapidly and efficiently, using just one or two resource elements, without complex encoding or time-consuming handshaking.

One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for a reader to transmit and receive a signal to and from a tag, the method comprising: a step in which a first reader transmits a first signal to a tag; and a step in which the first reader receives the first signal reflected on the tag. The timing for the first reader to transmit the first signal is determined by using an offset value based on an ID related to the first reader.

A radio-frequency method for range finding includes modulating a reference signal having an intermediate frequency to a downlink signal having a carrier frequency using a clock signal. The downlink signal is transmitted to a tag using a transceiver. An uplink signal backscattered from the tag is received and demodulated using the clock signal. The uplink signal has a frequency that is a harmonic of the carrier frequency. A distance between the tag and the transceiver is calculated based on a phase of the demodulated uplink signal. A system for range finding includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver modulates a reference signal to a downlink signal and transmits the downlink signal. The transceiver receives and demodulates an uplink signal. The processor is configured to receive the demodulated uplink signal and calculate a distance between the tag and the transceiver using a phase of the demodulated uplink signal.

A range-finding method, a apparatus, a terminal system, and a computer-readable storage medium are provided. The range-finding method includes: transmitting a first check code from a transmitting terminal to a receiving terminal by using a first communication technology; transmitting a modulated signal from the transmitting terminal to the receiving terminal by using a second communication technology different from the first communication technology, where the modulated signal carries a second check code; acquiring a first moment at which the modulated signal is transmitted and a second moment at which the modulated signal is received; demodulating the second check code in the modulated signal; acquiring a range-finding confidence according to the first check code and the demodulated second check code; and acquiring a measured distance between the transmitting terminal and the receiving terminal according to the first moment, the second moment, a transmission speed of the modulated signal, and the range-finding confidence.

A method is provided for localizing mobile tags using a system including a plurality of anchors located at known locations, the method including: transmitting a plurality of ultra-wideband (UWB) localization packets using respective anchors of the plurality of anchors, in which each of the plurality of localization packets is transmitted by a respective anchor of the plurality of anchors at a different respective delay time; and transmitting an update UWB packet with either an anchor of the plurality of anchors that does not transmit one of the localization packets, or with a mobile tag, in which the localization packets include no payloads, the update packet includes a payload, and in which successive ones of the plurality of localization packets and the update packet overlap with each other in time. A system for localizing mobile tags is also provided.

The present disclosure relates to a user equipment in a wireless communication system, an electronic device, a method and a storage medium. The user equipment in the wireless communication system according to the present disclosure comprises one or more processing circuits, the processing circuits being configured to execute the following operations: acquiring a downlink signal from an electronic device in the wireless communication system; estimating the angle of arrival (AOA) of the downlink signal, wherein at least the AOA and the position of the electronic device are used for estimating the position of the user equipment. By using the user equipment, electronic device, method and storage medium according to the present disclosure, the AOA of a downlink signal may be estimated when the user equipment is in an idle or initial access state, and the AOA may be used for estimating the position of the user equipment.

Determining a location of a user equipment includes transmitting, by one or more processors from a network node, a first beam having a first frequency range in a first area and a second beam having a second frequency range in a second area. The first area is larger than and encompasses the second area. A request for determining the location of the user equipment is received. The one or more processors may then cause the second beam to sweep within the first area, receive a second signal from the user equipment indicating when the second beam is swept over the location of the user equipment and data related to signal measurements of the second beam at the user equipment, and determine the location of the user equipment based on a pointing direction of the second beam relative to a position of the node of the network and the received data.

Disclosed are techniques for using a channel state information (CSI) report framework to support positioning measurements in a wireless network. More particularly, a base station may identify one or more reference signal resources to be transmitted to a user equipment (UE) for obtaining at least one positioning measurement and configure the reference signal resources to be transmitted at least partially outside a current bandwidth that the base station and the UE are using to communicate data and control information. Accordingly, the base station may transmit, to the UE, a CSI report setting that indicates the positioning measurement to be reported and specifies that the positioning measurement is to be obtained from the configured reference signal resources.

A method of operating a base station includes determining a schedule associated with transmission by the base station of a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) on a plurality of directional beams, the plurality of directional beams having directions corresponding to at least a portion of a plurality of configurable beam directions, the schedule being based on a coordination of the PRS transmission by the base station with PRS transmission on directional beams from at least one other base station; and transmitting the PRS on each of the plurality of directional beams based on the determined schedule.

A method for user localization in a cellular network includes receiving, by a receiver unit, Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulated Constant-Amplitude-Zero-Autocorrelation (CAZAC) sequences generated and transmitted in a Doppler-delay domain by a transmitter unit. The method further includes estimating, by the receiver unit, Doppler shift and/or relative speed between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit by filtering the received OTFS modulated CAZAC sequences.