A MIMO radar system. The system includes a transmitter array, a receiver array, the antenna distances in one of the transmitter and receiver arrays being below the Nyquist limit for unambiguous angle measurements, but the antenna distances in the combination of the transmitter and receiver arrays being above this Nyquist limit. The system further includes a control and evaluation unit, which is designed to transmit via the transmitter array a sequence of transmit signals, which are subdivided into multiple measuring blocks, in each of multiple repeatedly implemented measuring cycles, a uniform multiplex scheme being applied within each measuring block and the multiplex schemes varying from measuring block to measuring block, carry out a Doppler estimation and an angle estimation based on the receiver array, carry out a Doppler correction of the received signals based on the Doppler estimations, demultiplex the Doppler-corrected signals, and refine the Doppler estimations and angle estimations.

Over-sampling of the received signal above the traditional Nyquist Sampling Rate, using a High Speed Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) is used to produce additional vector signal samples that then synthetically generate “fill in” antennas, at the vacant or “hole” positions in Phased Arrays systems. Benefits of this technology include elimination of grating lobes, increased directed array gain, as well as reduction of sidelobe energy. This technique can also be used to, in addition to, the (Passive Beam Mechanics #U.S. Provisional Patent No. 62/895,574) technology used to increase the effective size of the original (real, versus synthetic) antenna or array, which results in the construction or generation of a narrower beamwidth. Major applications for the technology include Radar and RF Communications. It should be noted that this technology is also applicable for use in Acoustics, such as underwater detection and location of signals, or for (air) acoustic communications.

Example radar systems are presented herein. A radar system may include radiating elements configured to radiate electromagnetic energy and arranged symmetrically in a linear array. The radiating elements comprise a set of radiating doublets and a set of radiating singlets. The radar system also includes a waveguide configured to guide electromagnetic energy between each of the plurality of radiating elements and a waveguide feed. The waveguide feed is coupled to the second side of the waveguide at a center location between a first half of the plurality of radiating elements and a second half of the plurality of radiating elements. The waveguide feed is configured to transfer electromagnetic energy between the waveguide and a component external to the waveguides. The radar system may also include a power dividing network defined by the waveguide and configured to divide the electromagnetic energy transferred by the waveguide feed based on a taper profile.

Methods and apparatus for a phase array radar to generate fan beams with curve of constant phase with spoiling in u and/or v space. In embodiments, beam pattern weighting is phase-only and applicable to transmit and receive. In embodiments, the beam pattern accounts for the apparent curvature of the horizon in uv space.

In a recognition method, movement characteristics of an object are determined based on sensor information; image information of the object is determined based on the sensor information; and one or more gesture recognition operations are performed based on the movement characteristics and the image information to generate gesture recognition information. The recognition method may further include determining one or more physical characteristics of the object based on the image information; performing one or more physical characteristic pattern recognition operations based on the one or more physical characteristics to generate pattern recognition information; and generating a recognition output signal based on the gesture recognition information and the pattern recognition information.

A method and apparatus for determining a direction of an object using a plurality of antennas is disclosed. The method includes determining an optimal antenna pattern to determine the direction of the object from among a plurality of candidate antenna patterns using a portion of the antennas, and determining the direction of the object using the optimal antenna pattern.

Systems, vehicles, and techniques are provided to classify reflection detection points in a sensing system. A reflection detection point can be classified as an apparent reflection or a physical reflection. In some embodiments, a beamforming map can be generated using a response function of an antenna array and data representative of electromagnetic signals received at the antenna array. Multiple reflection detection points can be detected using at least the beamforming map. A second beamforming distribution map also can be generated, using at least the data and a second response function of the array of antennas. The second response function includes minima at respective reflection points. A ratio between (i) a first amplitude of a reflection detection point in the second beamforming map and (ii) a second amplitude of the reflection point in the first beamforming map permits classifying the reflection detection point as an apparent reflection or a physical reflection.

A frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) coded aperture radar (CAR) implemented on an integrated circuit (IC) to step through a range of frequencies in each sweep and a method of assembling the FMCW CAR implemented on an IC are described. The CAR implemented on the IC includes an antenna element to transmit or receive at a given time duration, a transmit channel to process a signal for transmission, the transmit channel including a transmit switch configured to change a state of a transmit phase shifter between two states based on a first code, and a receive channel to process a received signal, the receive channel including a receive switch configured to change a state of a receive phase shifter between two states based on a second code. A switch controller controls the first code and the second code and controls the first code to remain constant within the sweep.

A positioning sensor includes m receiving antennas connected to a feeder circuit and n variable loads, and a receiver that receives a first signal via the m receiving antennas. The positioning sensor further includes a memory that stores a first signal strength value of a first signal that the receiver receives when a variable load varies in value, and a processor that calculates a second signal strength value from a complex propagation channel, searches for a complex propagation channel candidate that has a minimum difference between a first signal strength and a second signal strength, determines the complex propagation channel candidate to be a complex propagation channel when the receiver receives the first signal, and estimates an incoming direction of the first signal from the determined complex propagation channel.

Disclosed is a self-calibration method and apparatus for an array antenna system. According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a correction method of an array antenna system includes: deriving, at a first time, a correction factor R.sub.i,j for a path connecting an i-th (i is an integer equal to or greater than one and equal to or less than m) transmission antenna and a j-th (j is an integer equal to or greater than one and equal to or less than n) reception antenna; deriving, at a second time, a calibration factor {circumflex over (Q)}.sub.i,j for the path connecting the i-th transmission antenna and the j-th reception antenna; and performing, based on the {circumflex over (Q)}.sub.i,j, calibration on the path connecting the i-th transmission antenna and the j-th reception antenna.