Apparatus having at least one reflective surface configured to reflect electromagnetic waves, wherein a reflective response of at least one portion of the reflective surface with respect to the electromagnetic waves is electronically controllable, wherein the apparatus is configured to at least temporarily control the reflective response of the at least one portion of the reflective surface.

An occupant detection system for determining a unique position of a detected presence within an interior cabin area of a vehicle includes a plurality of signal conversion devices each including conversion circuitry. Each of the plurality of signal conversion devices are assigned to a specific position within the interior cabin area of the vehicle. The conversion circuitry for the plurality of signal conversion devices include unique sub-carrier frequency that corresponds to the unique position within the interior cabin area of the vehicle. The occupant detection system includes a wireless control module including a multi-band transceiver having a first transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals on a first frequency band and a second transceiver configured to transmit and receive signals on a second frequency band.

A transmission apparatus for a wireless device, comprising: an antenna for receiving an original signal and for backscattering a modulated signal containing information from the wireless device; a variable impedance coupled to the antenna, the variable impedance having an impedance value; a delta-sigma modulator coupled to the variable impedance for modulating the impedance value, and thereby a backscattering coefficient for the antenna, in accordance with the information to generate the modulated signal; and, a decoder coupled to the delta-sigma modulator for generating the impedance value from the information.

An apparatus, a vehicle, a method, a computer program and a radio system for radio coverage in a predefined space. The method includes operating at least one transmission and/or reception antenna in the predefined space to cover at least one subregion of the predefined space using at least one element having an active area in the predefined space taking into consideration the subregion to be covered, wherein the active area of the element influences the propagation conditions of signals of the radio system.

Systems and methods to determine motion parameters of physical objects using radio frequency identification (RFID) tags attached to the objects. In one embodiment, a method implemented in a radio frequency identification (RFID) system includes determining a motion parameter of the RFID tag based on detecting a Doppler frequency shift in a radio frequency signal received from the RFID tag.

An apparatus, a vehicle, a method, a computer program and a radio system for radio coverage in a predefined space. The method includes operating at least one transmission and/or reception antenna in the predefined space to cover at least one subregion of the predefined space using at least one element having an active area in the predefined space taking into consideration the subregion to be covered, wherein the active area of the element influences the propagation conditions of signals of the radio system.

A mobile device determines its location accurately by measuring the range to a position reflector as well as azimuth and elevation angles of arrival (AOA) at the reflector. The mobile can transmit a coded radar signal and process reflections to determine its location. The reflectors may include internal delays that can identify the reflector and provide transmit/receive separation for the mobile. The reflection can include a primary and further delayed secondary reflection. The mobile can determine the internal delay of the reflector based on the delay between primary and secondary reflections. The range and AOA information can be combined with information about the position, orientation, and characteristics of the reflectors to determine location. In some systems, the mobile device can determine its location in a three-dimensional space using reflections from only one reflector. The reflectors, which can be economically produced, can be unpowered and low profile for easy installation.

An electronic device for wirelessly tracking the position of a second electronic device is disclosed. The electronic device includes transceiver circuitry having a beacon generator to generate a beacon at a particular frequency and direction. An antenna array transmits the beacon, and receives at least one reflected beacon from the second electronic device. The reflected beacon is received if a position of the second electronic device lies within a range of directions of the beacon. The transceiver circuitry further includes an injection-locked oscillator having an input coupled to the antenna array to receive reflected beacons, and to lock to the reflected beacon when the reflected beacon has a frequency value within locking range of the oscillator. Processing circuitry coupled to the transceiver circuitry tracks the position of the second device based on the lock condition of the oscillator.

Systems and methods to determine motion parameters of physical objects using radio frequency identification (RFID) tags attached to the objects. In one embodiment, a method implemented in a radio frequency identification (RFID) system includes determining a motion parameter of the RFID tag based on detecting a Doppler frequency shift in a radio frequency signal received from the RFID tag.

A monitoring radar and a monitoring and identification method therefor are provided. The monitoring radar may be a physiological information monitoring radar. The monitoring and identification method may be a physiological information monitoring and identification method. The physiological information monitoring radar processes at least one reflected radar signal to obtain a response characteristic and range information corresponding to each of a plurality of to-be-monitored objects and distinguishes the response characteristic of each of the to-be-monitored objects as identification information or physiological information. The physiological information monitoring radar then labels each piece of physiological information according to the range information and the identification information.