A radar is equipped with a main antenna having three radiation patterns, sum, difference and control, corresponding to the antenna, the radar comprises an auxiliary antennal device, composed of an antenna and of a rear radiating element which is situated at the rear of the antenna, fixed above the antenna and coupling means, the auxiliary antennal device: having three radiation patterns, sum, difference and control, the control pattern ensured for the direction opposite to the antenna by the rear radiating element; the antenna inclined to guarantee a maximum gain of its sum pattern in the elevational domain (60°-90°).

A miniaturized, portable and automatic air-traffic control (ATC) system to determine the position of air vehicles is described. The system is composed by a portable control tower that detects manned air traffic equipped with ADS-B or transponder, and a computer compatible software to display the position of the detected air vehicles. This system is used in conjunction with a drone system, providing to the latter the air-traffic local information. The information given to the drone system allows performing automatic collision avoidance with the air vehicles detected in the flight area of the drone.

Transponder transmissions may be monitored through a direct, shielded connection of an RF coupler to a transponder antenna cable. The RF coupler may be added on an antenna cable of an older-style transponder to pick up altitude and reply codes, decode the information and transmit it digitally for use by a separate external monitor. As such, the pilot may be afforded the ability to monitor the older-style transponder's altitude and reply code transmissions to air traffic control so as to determine if a failure of the transponder has occurred. By having the direct connection between RF coupler and the transponder antenna cable, no transmissions of other transponders would be received.

Various wireless systems may benefit from suitable sharing of antennas and related equipment. For example a various avionics systems may benefit from systems and methods for providing a distance measurement equipment L-band shared antenna. Circuitry can include an interface to a bottom omni-directional antenna. The circuitry can also include a radio frequency splitter in switchable communication with the interface to the bottom omni-directional antenna. The circuitry can further include an interface between the radio frequency splitter and a distance measurement equipment receiver. The circuitry can additionally include an interface between the radio frequency splitter and a surveillance receiver.

Disclosed are methods, systems, and non-transitory computer-readable medium for managing energy use in a vehicle. For instance, the method may include receiving forecasted data from a first external source, receiving real-time data corresponding to at least one weather parameter at a first location at a first time, and continuously determining whether to perform an adjustment to a control parameter of the vehicle by using a machine learning model that is based on the forecasted data for the at least one weather parameter, the real-time data for the at least one weather parameter, a battery condition of the vehicle, and/or an estimated amount of energy consumed by traveling along a first navigation path.

A combined automatic dependent surveillance broadcast (ADS-B) and carbon monoxide (CO) detecting device includes an ADS-B circuitry configured to receive an ADS-B transmission, a CO sensor configured to obtain a CO reading for ambient air in an aircraft cabin, a processor configured to generate a data stream combining the ADS-B transmission and the CO reading, and a wireless communication circuitry configured to provide the data stream to at least one aircraft crew computing device.

Various communication systems may benefit from suitable architectures. For example, L-band radio frequency (RF) architectures may be beneficial to systems including avionics systems. A system can include a mode-s function as well as a traffic alert and collision avoidance system function separate from the mode-s function. The system can further include a directional antenna in reception and transmission connection with the traffic alert and collision avoidance system function. The system can additionally include an omni-directional antenna in reception and transmission connection with the mode-s function.

A system for determining the position of an aircraft comprises an emitter arranged at the aircraft for emitting a signal, at least two receivers arranged at different locations for receiving the signal emitted by the emitter, and an evaluation device which is designed to determine an aircraft position based on the known positions of the receivers at the time of the reception of the signal and on a characteristic of the signal emitted by the emitter and received by the receivers. The invention proposes that at least one of the receivers is located above the aircraft, and that the evaluation means is designed to determine a vertical position (ALT) of the aircraft from the signal received by the receivers and the known positions of the receivers.

A method and system for determining a position of a non-cooperative object using a reflected signal from Secondary Surveillance Radar (SSR) system is disclosed. The method enables the ownship to detect a non-cooperative intruder, an aircraft which does not have a functioning transponder. The position and altitude of the non-cooperative intruder are determined from reflected signals by a phased array antenna or mechanically scanned directional antenna (MSDA) to perform tracking and avoidance of the non-cooperative object. In the case that a phased array antenna or MSDA is not available, a co-altitude assumption is applied to conservatively determine an avoidance area around the non-cooperative object, which defines coordinates to be tracked and avoided by the ownship.

A system and method for cooperative aerial vehicle collision avoidance provides an ESA-based sensor network capable of high-resolution threat proximity measurements and cooperative and non-cooperative collision avoidance in the full spherical volume surrounding an aerial vehicle. The system incorporates a plurality of ESA panels onto the airframe where the conical scan volumes overlap leaving no gaps in spherical proximity coverage. The resulting received data is stitched together between the neighboring ESA panels and used to determine a position and vector for each threat aerial vehicle within range. The data is transmitted through a cooperative collision avoidance network to nearby aerial vehicles, and presented to the autopilot and flight crew to increase situational awareness. The system determines a maneuver for the aerial vehicle and a maneuver for the threat aerial vehicle based on relative maneuvering capabilities to maintain desired separation.