One example transmission method includes receiving, by a network device, a first transmission parameter that is sent by a server and that is used to transmit assistance data, where the first transmission parameter includes configuration information and/or priority information, and the configuration information is used to indicate a transmission cycle of each of one or more system messages and/or a size of a data volume that can be carried in each of the one or more system messages, and sending, by the network device, first configuration information to the server according to the first transmission parameter, where the first configuration information is used to indicate a transmission cycle of a first system message and a size of a data volume that can be carried in the first system message, and the one or more system messages include the first system message.

A method of automatic labeling of images for supervised machine learning includes obtaining images of roadside objects with a camera mounted to a vehicle, recording a position and orientation of the vehicle within a defined coordinate system while obtaining the images recording position information for each roadside object with the same defined coordinates system as used while recording the position and orientation of the vehicle, and correlating a position of each of the obtained images of the roadside objects with the position information of each roadside object in view of the recorded position and orientation of the vehicle. The images are labeled to identify the roadside objects in view of the correlated position of each of the obtained images of the roadside objects.

Outdoor positioning for a plurality of mobile terminals is performed using an indoor positioning system including a plurality of base stations, by (a) installing the plurality of base stations on respective outdoor locations in an outdoor area, where the base stations are configured to use a predetermined communications link for indoor positioning at indoor locations, (b) performing independent precise positioning at each of the plurality of base stations using a plurality of GNSS signals, thereby determining a precise position of the outdoor location of each base station without surveying or measuring the installed location thereof, and (c) performing outdoor positioning of the plurality of mobile terminals in the outdoor area using the determined precise position of each of the plurality of base stations in a same manner as the indoor positioning, by receiving, at the plurality of base stations, signals from the respective mobile terminals via the predetermined communications link.

Outdoor positioning for a plurality of mobile terminals is performed using an indoor positioning system including a plurality of base stations, by (a) installing the plurality of base stations on respective outdoor locations in an outdoor area, where the base stations are configured to use a predetermined communications link for indoor positioning at indoor locations, (b) performing independent precise positioning at each of the plurality of base stations using a plurality of GNSS signals, thereby determining a precise position of the outdoor location of each base station without surveying or measuring the installed location thereof, and (c) performing outdoor positioning of the plurality of mobile terminals in the outdoor area using the determined precise position of each of the plurality of base stations in a same manner as the indoor positioning, by receiving, at the plurality of base stations, signals from the respective mobile terminals via the predetermined communications link.

The present disclosure relates to a method and an apparatus for establishing a positioning network. The positioning network includes a data processing center and at least one reference station, and one node in the positioning network represents one reference station. The method includes: determining, if a first historical positioning network capable of forming a new positioning network with a newly added node exists in a network list of the data processing center, whether the newly added node forms the new positioning network with the first historical positioning network; and determining, if the network list does not exist in the data processing center, whether the newly added node is capable of forming a new positioning network with nodes in a first node information list. Before network real-time kinematic (RTK) is formed, a user can use a single-baseline RTK positioning service. The network RTK is formed once a networking condition is met. A positioning network is gradually established, requirements of users may be satisfied with less investment when there are fewer users in the early stage, and the network is gradually formed with the increase of users, so that more users can be covered by using fewer base stations.

A system and method for detecting spoofing of a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) system using a plurality of antennas. Signals received by at least two of the plurality of antennas are authentication by use of one or more of a carrier phase authentication procedure, a signal power authentication procedure, and/or a channel distortion authentication procedure.

A position measuring system includes: a connection destination candidate selecting unit which selects a connection destination candidate for each of a plurality of route coordinates on a route included in route information, on the basis of the distance between each of the plurality of route coordinates and reference stations included in a reference station list; and a connection destination information generating unit which determines a connection destination for which to acquire the correction information, on the basis of prescribed determining criteria, from among the connection destination candidates selected by the connection destination candidate selecting means, and generates and outputs connection destination information relating to the determined connection destination.

A method for autonomous mower navigation includes performing a training operation for an area including identifying a GPS signal associated with a training apparatus, iteratively recording data associated geolocations of the training apparatus as the training apparatus moves along a trajectory through the area, smoothing the geolocation data associated with the trajectory, and storing the smoothed geolocation data. The method can include subsequent to the training operation, performing a greens association process including establishing a link between the autonomous mower and an RTK-GPS base, receiving by the autonomous mower correction data from the RTK-GPS base, and determining an approach angle to a work area, wherein the path the autonomous mower travels to the work zone is defined by the approach angle.

A positioning system and method for determination of location data of an object are described. The positioning system includes one or more transmitting units configured to transmit a multi-frequency signal that comprises at least two different signal frequency components. The positioning system also includes a receiver system mounted on the object, and configured to receive the multi-frequency signals from the transmitting units, and to determine phases of each signal frequency component of the multi-frequency signal. The positioning system also includes a processing system configured to receive the phases of each signal frequency component of the multi-frequency signal, and to determine a distance between the transmitting units and the object, and the location data of the object.

A positioning system and method for determination of location data of an object are described. The positioning system includes one or more transmitting units configured to transmit a multi-frequency signal that comprises at least two different signal frequency components. The positioning system also includes a receiver system mounted on the object, and configured to receive the multi-frequency signals from the transmitting units, and to determine phases of each signal frequency component of the multi-frequency signal. The positioning system also includes a processing system configured to receive the phases of each signal frequency component of the multi-frequency signal, and to determine a distance between the transmitting units and the object, and the location data of the object.