According to an embodiment, a radiation detector comprises a photoelectric conversion substrate and a scintillator layer. The photoelectric conversion substrate converts light into an electrical signal. The scintillator layer contacts the photoelectric conversion substrate and converts radiation incident from the outside into light. The scintillator layer is a fluorescer of CsI containing Tl as an activator. The CsI is a halide. The concentration of the activator inside the fluorescer is 1.6 mass %±0.4 mass %. The concentration of the activator inside the fluorescer in an in-plane direction of the scintillator layer has the relationship of central portion>peripheral portion. The central portion is a central region of a formation region of the scintillator layer. The peripheral portion is an outer circumferential region of the formation region of the scintillator layer.

The disclosure relates to a scintillator material for a radiation detector. In an embodiment, the scintillator material can include a crystalline alkaline-earth metal halide comprising at least one alkaline-earth metal selected from Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, said alkaline-earth metal halide being doped with at least one dopant that activates the scintillation thereof other than Sm.sup.2+, and co-doped with Sm.sup.2+, said alkaline-earth metal halide comprising at least one halogen selected from Br, Cl, I.

The present disclosure relates to a detection layer on a substrate. For example, a detection layer may include perovskite crystals of the type ABX.sub.3 and/or AB.sub.2X.sub.4. A may include at least one monovalent, divalent or trivalent element from the fourth or a higher period in the periodic table and/or mixtures thereof. B may include a monovalent cation, the volumetric parameter of which is sufficient, with the respective element A, for perovskite lattice formation. X may be selected from the group consisting of anions of halides and pseudohalides. The layer may have a thickness of at least 10 μm.

A scintillator material includes a matrix phase and scintillator parts dispersed in the matrix phase. The scintillator parts contain fine particles of single crystal. According to the above aspect, since the scintillator parts containing the fine particles of single crystal are dispersed in the matrix phase, it is possible to reduce an influence from an environment.

A crystal material represented by a general formula (1):
(Gd.sub.1-x-y-zLa.sub.xME.sub.yRE.sub.z).sub.2MM.sub.2O.sub.7   (1),
where ME is at least one selected from Y, Yb, Sc, and Lu; RE is Ce or Pr; MM is at least one selected from Si and Ge; and ranges of x, y, and z are represented by the following (i): (i) 0.0≦x+y+z<1.0, 0.05≦x+z<1.0, 0.0≦y<1.0, and 0.0001≦z<0.05 (where, when RE is Ce, y=0 is an exception).

A scintillation crystal can include a cesium halide that is co-doped with thallium and another element. In an embodiment, the scintillation crystal can include CsX:Tl, Me, where X represents a halogen, and Me represents a dopant selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), dysprosium (Dy), thulium (Tm), tantalum (Ta), and erbium (Er), the dopant concentration of the element selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), cobalt (Co), manganese (Mn), cadmium (Cd), dysprosium (Dy), thulium (Tm), tantalum (Ta), and erbium (Er) in the scintillation crystal is in a range of 1×10.sup.−7 mol % to 0.5 mol %. In a particular embodiment, the scintillation crystal may have a cesium iodide host material, a first dopant including a thallium cation, and a second dopant including a cation.

A scintillator includes a scintillator layer including a phosphor and an augmenting agent and has an optical reflectance A1 at a wavelength 440 nm and an optical reflectance B1 at a wavelength 520 nm, wherein when an optical reflectance at the wavelength 440 nm is defined as A2 and an optical reflectance at the wavelength 520 nm is defined as B2 after exposure to 2,000R of radiation, ratios between the optical reflectances “A=A2/A1” and “B=B2/B1” before and after exposure to radiation satisfy “0.70≦A/B≦1.10”.

A scintillator module includes a substrate, a columnar scintillator crystal layer formed on the substrate, and a non-adhesive moisture-proof member having a given hardness and opposing a crystal growing side of the columnar scintillator crystal layer. The moisture-proof member ensures a void between the moisture-proof member and individual conic peak portions of columnar scintillator crystals forming the columnar scintillator crystal layer under vacuum sealing, and holds the columnar scintillator crystal layer in a moisture-proof state between a moisture-proof layer and the substrate.

The invention relates to scintillation inorganic oxide single crystals with garnet structure, which comprise cerium and are co-alloyed with titanium and Group 2 elements. The invention makes it possible to increase the scintillation output and to enhance the energy resolution of scintillation detectors during gamma-ray quantum registration. The technical result is achieved by a single crystal with a garnet structure being co-alloyed with cerium, titanium and Group 2 elements. This single crystal is produced by the Czochralski process.

A scintillator plate is provided. The scintillator plate comprises a substrate, a scintillator including a plurality of columnar crystals arranged above the substrate, a first protective film, and a second protective film. The first protective film chemically bonds to the plurality of columnar crystals in interfaces with the plurality of columnar crystals, and the substrate and the second protective film seal the scintillator and the first protective film.