In one embodiment, a photonic waveguide comprises a layer of core material and a waveguide core extending through the core material. The core material surrounding the waveguide core is modified to simulate clad material. A method for forming the photonic waveguide is also disclosed herein.

A photosensitive epoxy resin composition for formation of an optical waveguide is provided, which contains an epoxy resin component and a photo-cationic polymerization initiator, wherein the epoxy resin component includes: (a) a solid bisphenol-A epoxy resin having a softening point of not higher than 105 C.; (b) a solid polyfunctional aliphatic epoxy resin having a softening point of not higher than 105 C.; and (c) a liquid long-chain bifunctional semi-aliphatic epoxy resin, wherein the epoxy resin (a) is present in a proportion of 60 to 70 wt. % based on the weight of the epoxy resin component, wherein the epoxy resin (b) is present in a proportion of 20 to 35 wt. % based on the weight of the epoxy resin component, wherein the epoxy resin (c) is present in a proportion of 5 to 10 wt. % based on the weight of the epoxy resin component.

A plurality of waveguide display substrates, each waveguide display substrate having a cylindrical portion having a diameter and a planar surface, a curved portion opposite the planar surface defining a nonlinear change in thickness across the substrate and having a maximum height D with respect to the cylindrical portion, and a wedge portion between the cylindrical portion and the curved portion defining a linear change in thickness across the substrate and having a maximum height W with respect to the cylindrical portion. A target maximum height D.sub.t of the curved portion is 10.sup.7 to 10.sup.6 times the diameter, D is between about 70% and about 130% of D.sub.t, and W is less than about 30% of D.sub.t.

A waveguide is provided. The waveguide having a first core, a second core spaced apart from and parallel with the first core, and a cladding surrounding the first core and the second core. An interstitial portion of the cladding is located between the first core and the second core. A first region of the first core adjacent to the cladding or of the cladding adjacent to the first core is color dyed.

Provided are three dimensional, stretchable, optical sensor networks that can localize deformations. The devices described herein are suitable for uses in soft robots to determine the position of external contact, such as touching, and possibly internal deformations that may be caused by actuation. Sensor networks of the present disclosure contain a substrate, such as a 3D lattice, and cores having a cladding, such as air. Light passes through the cores and upon deformation of the substrate, cores may come into contact, allowing light to couple between cores due to frustrated total internal reflection. The resulting changes in intensity in the cores can be used to determine the placement and magnitude of deformation.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to multi-material fibers capable of distributedly measuring temperature and pressure in which the methods comprise a thermal drawing step, and the methods of fabricating the disclosed fibers. The fibers can be utilized in methods of temperature and pressure mapping or sensing comprising electrical reflectometry for interrogation. Further disclosed are devices comprising a disclosed fiber with the multi-point detection capability with simple one-end connection. Also disclosed are articles, e.g., smart clothing, wound dressing, robotic skin and other industrial products, comprising a disclosed fiber or a fabric comprising a disclosed fiber. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Optical spectroscopy is a widely used method to identify the chemical composition of materials and the characteristics of optical signals. Silicon based integrated photonics offers a platform for many optical functions through microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) and microoptoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS), silicon waveguides, integrated CMOS electronics and hybrid integration of compound semiconductor elements for optical gain. Accordingly, it would be beneficial to provide advanced optical tools for techniques such as optical spectroscopy and optical tomography exploiting MOEMS to provide swept filters that offer improved performance, increased integration, reduced footprint, reduced power consumption, increased flexibility, reconfigurability, and lower cost. Further, such MOEMS elements can support the provisioning of swept optical sources, swept filters, swept receivers etc. in the planar waveguide domain without free space optics.

A method for producing an optical waveguide by: (a) depositing a first composition: (i) a polysiloxane comprising epoxy and alkenyl groups with refractive index no greater than 1.50, (ii) a compound comprising at least one epoxy group and refractive index no greater than 1.49, and (iii) a polysiloxane having refractive index at least 1.50; (iv) a photo acid generator; (v) a hydrosilylation catalyst, (vi) an inhibitor for hydrosilylation; (b) curing by exposure to ultraviolet light; (c) removing the uncured portion to produce a patterned core layer; (d) after a time from 20 to 300 hours depositing a second composition comprising: (i) a polysiloxane comprising epoxy groups with refractive index no greater than 1.49, and (ii) a compound comprising at least two epoxy groups with a refractive index no greater than 1.49 and an alcohol having refractive index no more than 1.45 (iii) at least one photo acid generator.

The present invention relates to an optical interconnection for interconnecting a first contact and a second contact, which need to be optically interconnected, the optical interconnection comprising: a nanorod formed on at least one of the first contact and the second contact; and a nanowire extending from the first contact or the nanorod formed on the first contact so as to transmit an optical signal toward the second contact or the nanorod formed on the second contact. The optical interconnection according to the present invention shows improved optical signal characteristics due to a reduction in coupling loss.

The present invention provides a polymer optical waveguide containing a core and a cladding having a refractive index lower than that of the core, in which each of the core and the cladding is a cured product of a curable composition cured by light irradiation, and the cladding has an absorbance of 0.23 or low per 50 m of film thickness at a wavelength of 365 nm.