The invention relates to a device comprising a first optical Mach-Zehnder interferometric sensor (MZI1) with a large FSR, wherein a plasmonic waveguide (107) thin-film or hybrid slot, is incorporated as transducer element planar integrated on Si3N4 photonic waveguides and a second optical interferometric Mach-Zehnder (MZI2), both comprising thermo-optic phase shifters (104, 106) for optimally biasing said MZI sensor (MZI1) and MZI as variable optical attenuator VOA. It further comprises an overall chip (112), being remarkable in that it comprises a set of Photonic waveguides (103) with a high index silicon nitride strip (303, 603), which is sandwiched between a low index oxide substrate (SiO2) and a low index oxide superstrate (LTO); Optical coupling structures (102, 109) at both ends of the sensor acting as the optical I/Os; an Optical splitter (102) and an optical combiner (109) for optical splitting at the first junction (102) of said first sensor (MZI1) and optical combining at the second junction (109) of said first MZI (MZI1); a variable optical attenuator (VOA) with said additional second MZI (MZI2), which is nested into said MZI1 (sensor)), deploying an optical splitter and an optical combiner for optical splitting at the first junction of said additional second MZI (MZI2), and optical combining at the second junction of said second MZI (MZI2); a set of Thermo-optic phase shifters (104, 106) to tune the phase of the optical signal in the reference arm (104, 106) of each said MZI (MZI1, MZI2-VOA); wherein Thermo-optic phase shifters are formed by depositing two metallic stripes parallel to each other on top of a section of the photonic waveguide and along the direction of propagation of light; and a plasmonic waveguide (107) in the upper branch (103) of said first MZI (MZI1), that confines light propagation through coupling to Surface Plasmon Polaritons (SPP) at the metal-analyte interface, and method associated thereto.

Example implementations described herein are directed to an interface configured to redirect light between a connector connected to a printed optical board (POB) via an optical waveguide, and a photonic integrated circuit (PIC), the interface involving two-dimensionally distributed waveplates (TDWs) having multiple layers of p-doped and n-doped silicon, the TDWs configured to be driven to change a dielectric constant at a two dimensional location on the TDWs such that the received light is redirected at the two dimensional location.

An optical module according to the present invention includes: a first plasmonic waveguide having one end formed of a first metal layer formed over an end portion of a first substrate, and having another end connected to one end of a first optical waveguide; a second metal layer that is formed on a side surface continuous with the end portion of the first substrate and formed to be continuous with the first metal layer; a second substrate provided with a second plasmonic waveguide formed of a third metal layer; and a second optical waveguide that is connected to the second plasmonic waveguide and formed on the second substrate, wherein the second metal layer and a part of the third metal layer are joined together to connect the first substrate to the second substrate.

A method for robust state manipulation in quantum information processing comprises evanescently coupling a first waveguide to a second waveguide, the first and second waveguide having different geometries respectively; and providing waveguide geometries such that their coupling is detuned, the detuning being a function of the geometries, the detuned coupling thereby providing reliable population transfer between the first and second waveguides that is robust to fabrication and other errors. The method may be used to provide a quantum optical coupler.

The present disclosure provides devices, systems, circuits, and effective methods for advanced optical applications using plasmonics and ENZ materials. The disclosure provides for enhancement of the optical tunability of phase and amplitude of propagating plasmons, nonlinear-optical effects, and resonant network in optical fiber tip nanocircuits and integrates the tunable plasmonic and ENZ effects for in-fiber applications to provide optical fiber with high operating speed and low power consumption. The invention yields efficient coupling of a plasmonic functional nanocircuit on the facet of an optical fiber core. The invention also can use gate-tunable ENZ materials to electrically and nonlinear optically tune the plasmonic nanocircuits for advanced light manipulation. The invention efficiently integrates and manipulates the voltage-tuned ENZ resonance for phase and amplitude modulation in optical fiber nanocircuits.

An optical device includes a core formed on a substrate, a first source electrode and a second source electrode formed in contact with both side surfaces of the core interposed between the first source electrode and the second source electrode, and a drain electrode formed in contact with an upper surface of the core. The core, the first source electrode, and the second source electrode together form a plasmonic waveguide. The first source electrode and the second source electrode are Schottky coupled to the core.

According to embodiments of the present invention, an optical modulator is provided. The optical modulator includes a substrate, and a waveguiding arrangement on the substrate, the waveguiding arrangement having a waveguide, and at least one graphene layer arranged to interact with light propagating in the waveguiding arrangement, wherein the waveguide is designed such that the light interacting with the at least one graphene layer has a maximum intensity overlapping with the at least one graphene layer. According to further embodiments of the present invention, a method for forming the optical modulator, and a method for controlling the optical modulator are also provided.

The present disclosure relates to an optical waveguide system. The system has a first waveguide having a core-guide and a cladding material portion surrounding and encasing the core-guide to form a substantially D-shaped cross sectional profile with an exposed flat section running along a length thereof. The core-guide enables a core-guide mode for an optical pulse signal having a first characteristic, travelling through the core-guide. A material layer of non-linear material is used which forms a second waveguide. The material layer is disposed on the exposed flat section of the cladding material portion. The material layer forms a plasmonic device to achieve a desired coupling with the core-guide to couple optical energy travelling through the core-guide into the material layer to modify the optical energy travelling through the core-guide such that the optical energy travelling through the core-guide has a second characteristic different from the first characteristic.

A display system comprises a waveguide having light incoupling or light outcoupling optical elements formed of a metasurface. The metasurface is a multilevel (e.g., bi-level) structure having a first level defined by spaced apart protrusions formed of a first optically transmissive material and a second optically transmissive material between the protrusions. The metasurface also includes a second level formed by the second optically transmissive material. The protrusions on the first level may be patterned by nanoimprinting the first optically transmissive material, and the second optically transmissive material may be deposited over and between the patterned protrusions. The widths of the protrusions and the spacing between the protrusions may be selected to diffract light, and a pitch of the protrusions may be 10-600 nm.

An apparatus includes a substrate. A laser is formed on a non-self supporting structure and bonded to the substrate. A waveguide having a gap portion is deposited proximate the laser. The waveguide is configured to communicate light from the laser to a near-field transducer (NFT) that directs energy resulting from plasmonic excitation to a recording medium. An optical isolator is disposed over the gap portion.