A waveguide coupler includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The waveguide coupler also includes a connecting waveguide disposed between the first waveguide and the second waveguide. The connecting waveguide includes a first material having a first index of refraction and a second material having a second index of refraction higher than the first index of refraction.

The present disclosure relates to a hardened fiber optic fan-out arrangement including a fan-out housing. A plurality of fiber optic pigtails projects outwardly from the fan-out housing. The fiber optic pigtails have free ends including hardened de-mateable fiber optic connection interfaces. A fiber optic feeder cable also projects outwardly from the fan-out housing. The fiber optic feeder cable is optically coupled to the fiber optic pigtails.

A cable assembly for optical monitoring is assembled by laying optical fibers into an adhesive layer on a substrate to form an optical circuit. First ends of the fibers are arranged in various groups and second ends of the fibers are arranged in various groups. Groups at a first end of the circuit are spliced to coupler input fibers and coupler output fibers. Groups at the second end of the circuit are terminated at one or more input connectors, one or more output connectors, and one or more monitoring connectors. Some cable assemblies monitor signals received at the input connectors. Other cable assemblies monitor signals received at both the input connectors and the output connectors.

A terahertz waveguide includes an input segment, a transmission segment and an output segment. The input segment includes an input waveguide and an input microstructured waveguide. One end of the input waveguide is connected with one end of the core of the input microstructured waveguide. The transmission segment includes at least a sub-wavelength waveguide, an air cladding surrounding the sub-wavelength waveguide and a solid outer cladding surrounding the air cladding. The other end of the core of the input microstructured waveguide is connected with one end of the sub-wavelength waveguide. The other end of the sub-wavelength waveguide is connected with the core of the output microstructured waveguide. One end of the solid outer cladding is connected with the cladding of the input microstructured waveguide, and an output segment. The output segment includes an output microstructured waveguide and an output waveguide.

A light source assembly having N outputs, the assembly including: a light source arrangement arranged for supplying light to M inputs, where M an N independently of each other are integers and where M≥2 and M≥N; at least one optical couplers, each having at least one input arm and a plurality of output arms; and an integer number, P, of mode scramblers. The light source arrangement may include a broadband light source and a multimode coupler configured for receiving one or more light beams from the light source arrangement, wherein the one or more light beams being derived from the broadband light source and wherein a mode scrambler is arranged for mode scrambling one of said light beams before it enters the multimode coupler.

The present disclosure relates to a hardened fiber optic fan-out arrangement including a fan-out housing. A plurality of fiber optic pigtails projects outwardly from the fan-out housing. The fiber optic pigtails have free ends including hardened de-mateable fiber optic connection interfaces. A fiber optic feeder cable also projects outwardly from the fan-out housing. The fiber optic feeder cable is optically coupled to the fiber optic pigtails.

A terahertz waveguide includes an input segment, a transmission segment and an output segment. The input segment includes an input waveguide and an input microstructured waveguide. One end of the input waveguide is connected with one end of the core of the input microstructured waveguide. The transmission segment includes at least a sub-wavelength waveguide, an air cladding surrounding the sub-wavelength waveguide and a solid outer cladding surrounding the air cladding. The other end of the core of the input microstructured waveguide is connected with one end of the sub-wavelength waveguide. The other end of the sub-wavelength waveguide is connected with the core of the output microstructured waveguide. One end of the solid outer cladding is connected with the cladding of the input microstructured waveguide, and an output segment. The output segment includes an output microstructured waveguide and an output waveguide.

An electro-optic beam controller, material processing apparatus, or optical amplifier, and corresponding methods, can include an actively controlled, waveguide-based, optical spatial mode conversion device. The conversion device can include a coupler, which can be a photonic lantern, configured to combine light beams into a common light beam; a sensor configured to measure at least one characteristic of the common light beam; and a controller configured to modulate optical parameters of the individual, respective light beams to set one or more spatial modes of the common light beam. Actively controlled and modulated devices can be used to maintain a stable, diffraction-limited beam for use in an amplification, communications, imaging, laser radar, switching, or laser material processing system. Embodiments can also be used to maintain a fundamental or other spatial mode in an optical fiber even while scaling to kilowatt power.

System, methods, and other embodiments described herein relate to a photonic apparatus. The photonic apparatus including a phase alignment waveguide including waveguide inputs and waveguide outputs. The waveguide inputs being operably connected with a light source to provide a light wave into the phase alignment waveguide and the waveguide outputs providing a plurality of light waves from the optical waveguide. The phase alignment waveguide modulates the light wave to generate the plurality of light waves with different phases. The photonic apparatus includes a transmit switch operably connected with the waveguide inputs to selectively connect at least one of the waveguide inputs with the light source to provide the light wave into the phase alignment waveguide. The photonic apparatus includes control circuitry operably connected with the transmit switch, the control circuitry dynamically activating the at least one of the waveguide inputs according to an electronic control signal.

An optical device. In some embodiments, the optical device includes a first interface; a second interface; a first plurality of waveguides, at the first interface; a second plurality of waveguides, at the second interface; and a free propagation region. A first waveguide of the first plurality of waveguides has a width at least 20% greater than a second waveguide of the first plurality of waveguides.