The invention provides a small form factor pluggable transceiver module comprising a housing, a transmission line and at least one connector, wherein the frond surface of the housing has a connecting hole, and the housing is dimensioned according to a SFP, SFP+, XFP, Xenpak, QSFP, QSFP+, CFP or CPAK. One end of the transmission line is disposed in the connecting hole on the front surface of the housing, and the other end of the transmission line is connected to a connector, so that the small form factor pluggable transceiver module can be disposed a larger number of connectors.

An electro-optical module is provided in the form of a Ceramic Ball Grid Array (CBGA) optical package with a detachable fiber optic connector. The electro-optical module is capable of being surface mounted on printed circuit boards using standard 5 electronics pick-and-place and reflow manufacturing technology. This package allows ultra-high-speed single mode fiber based optical transmit and receive devices to be mounted directly on Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) in close proximity to their associated electronics. The resulting shorter electrical interconnects reduce losses and distortion of the high frequency electrical signals enabling lower power signals and lower error rates 10 on the interfaces, for applications such as high-speed data center interconnects. Shorter electrical interconnects may also allow for simpler clock and data recovery circuits or, in some cases, complete elimination of some of these circuits.

The embodiment relates to an optical connection component including a bent optical fiber having a bent portion including a region where a curvature of the bent portion is maintained at 0.4 [l/mm] or more while substantially no bending stress remains. The bent optical fiber comprises a core, a first cladding, a second cladding, and a third cladding. Based on the third cladding, a relative refractive index difference 1 of the core, a relative refractive index difference 2 of the first cladding, and a relative refractive index difference 3 of the second cladding satisfy relationships of 1>2>3 and 3<0.5 [%]. The product V3 of the 3 and a cross-sectional area S of the second cladding is less than 200 [%.Math.m.sup.2]. The curvature in the bent portion is 0.6 [l/mm] or less over an entire length of the bent portion.

A transceiver module includes a housing, a latch, a springy sheet, and a pull tab. The latch has a wedging portion and is movably connected to the housing. The springy sheet is disposed between the housing and the latch. The pull tab is connected to the latch. When the pull tab moves from a first pull tab position to a second pull tab position, the pull tab applies a force to move the latch with relative to the housing and to carry the wedging portion to move from a first wedging position to a second wedging position, thereby deforming the springy sheet. When the force applied by the pull tab is removed, the springy sheet pushes the wedging portion to move from the second wedging position to the first wedging position.

The illumination system described below comprises an arthroscope, endoscope or other suitable surgical tool and an attachable cannula comprising a transparent or semi-transparent material capable of carrying light from the proximal end of the cannula to the distal end of the cannula, thereby illuminating the surgical field. The surgical field is thus illuminated through components that do not occupy space that may otherwise be used for the optics of the arthroscope. The arthroscopic illumination system further comprises one or more illumination sources disposed at the proximal end of the cannula. The illumination source may be optically coupled with the cannula at the hub or other appropriate location. The cannula comprises a sterilizable polymer which functions as a waveguide. A waveguide is a material medium that confines and guides light. When in use, the light source connected to the hub provides light which may be guided to the distal end of the cannula or any other suitable location. Thus, the sheath provides structure-guided illumination resulting in the illumination of the surgical site.

A wideband light source includes multiple light sources enclosed within a butterfly package. The butterfly package includes light sources of different types such as a plurality of SLEDs and a plurality of laser diodes. Other types of broadband and narrow band light sources may be included on the same butterfly package in a similar manner. The emitted light from each light source is collimated via a collimating lens and directed towards an optical fiber using a mirror. Each light source produces light in a different spectral range, and the collimated beams from the various light sources are combined into a joined broadband beam by a plurality of corresponding dichroic mirrors. The broadband beam is coupled into a single mode or polarization maintaining fiber which serves as the optical output from the butterfly package. A processor monitors the power output of each light source drives each light source to ensure stability.

The present disclosure relates to systems and method for deploying a fiber optic network. Distribution devices are used to index fibers within the system to ensure that live fibers are provided at output locations throughout the system. In an example, fibers can be indexed in multiple directions within the system. In an example, fibers can be stored and deployed form storage spools.

An optical test apparatus includes a collimator comprising a dual-fiber ferrule and a collimating lens. The optical test apparatus also includes an optical filter optically aligned with the collimator, a first optical fiber pigtail connected to the collimator at a first bore of the dual-fiber ferrule, a second optical fiber pigtail connected to the collimator at a second bore of the dual-fiber ferrule, and a photodetector in optical communication with the collimator. The optical test apparatus defines a reflection path from the first optical fiber pigtail to the optical filter and from the optical filter to the second optical fiber pigtail and a transmission path from the first optical fiber pigtail through the optical filter to the photodetector.

Arrays of fiber pigtails can be used to project and receive light. Unfortunately, most fiber pigtail arrays are not aligned well enough for coherently combining different optical beams. This imprecision stems in part from misalignment between the optical fiber and the endcap spliced to the end of the optical fiber. The endcap is often polished, curved, or patterned, causing the light emitted by the endcapped fiber to refract or diffract as it exits the endcap. This refraction or diffraction shifts the apparent position of the beam waist from its actual position. Measuring this virtual beam waist position before and after splicing the endcap to the fiber increases the absolute precision with which the fiber is aligned to the endcap. This increase in absolute precision reduces the deviation in virtual beam waist position among endcapped fibers, making it easier to produce arrays of endcapped fibers aligned precisely enough for coherent beam combining.

A plurality of lid structures include at least one lid structure configured to overlie one or more heat sources within a multi-chip-module and at least one lid structure configured to overlie one or more temperature sensitive components within the multi-chip-module. The plurality of lid structures are configured and positioned such that each lid structure is separated from each adjacent lid structure by a corresponding thermal break. A heat spreader assembly is positioned in thermally conductive interface with the plurality of lid structures. The heat spreader assembly is configured to cover an aggregation of the plurality of lid structures. The heat spreader assembly includes a plurality of separately defined heat transfer members respectively configured and positioned to overlie the plurality of lid structures. The heat spreader assembly is configured to limit heat transfer between different heat transfer members within the heat spreader assembly.