A method of making a microstructured optical fiber including loading the core and cladding materials of the fiber with hydrogen and deuterium at a loading temperature; annealing the fiber at a selected temperature T.sub.anneal; pumping the fiber with radiation; and reducing the temperature of the fiber and storing the fiber at the reduced temperature before the step of pumping the fiber; and wherein the method allows the hydrogen and the deuterium to become bound to the core material and the cladding material.

A method of making a microstructured optical fiber including loading the core and cladding materials of the fiber with hydrogen and deuterium at a loading temperature; annealing the fiber at a selected temperature T.sub.anneal; pumping the fiber with radiation; and reducing the temperature of the fiber and storing the fiber at the reduced temperature before the step of pumping the fiber; and wherein the method allows the hydrogen and the deuterium to become bound to the core material and the cladding material.

This optical fiber cable comprises an optical unit obtained by creating strands of a plurality of optical fiber tape cores, a tube in which the optical unit is housed, and a cable sheath that covers the outside of an aggregate of a plurality of tubes. The optical fiber tape cores have provided thereto, between some or all of optical fiber cores when a plurality of optical fiber cores are positioned in parallel, and intermittently in the longitudinal direction thereof, connecting parts that connect adjoining optical fiber cores, and non-connecting parts at which adjoining optical fiber cores are not connected. The tube has a Young's modulus lower than the Young's modulus of the cable sheath, and the aggregate is such that the plurality of tubes on the inside of the cable sheath deform elastically with respect to one another, with some thereof being in surface contact with the cable sheath.

A fiber optic cable includes an optical fiber, a strength layer surrounding the optical fiber, and an outer jacket surrounding the strength layer. The strength layer includes a matrix material in which is integrated a plurality of reinforcing fibers. A fiber optic cable includes an optical fiber, a strength layer, a first electrical conductor affixed to an outer surface of the strength layer, a second electrical conductor affixed to the outer surface of the strength layer, and an outer jacket. The strength layer includes a polymeric material in which is embedded a plurality of reinforcing fibers. A method of manufacturing a fiber optic cable includes mixing a base material in an extruder. A strength layer is formed about an optical fiber. The strength layer includes a polymeric film with embedded reinforcing fibers disposed in the film. The base material is extruded through an extrusion die to form an outer jacket.

A hydrogen diffusion barrier is included as an intra-cladding layer (i.e., a ring) within an optical fiber structure. The hydrogen diffusion barrier ring may comprise alumina (or other glass oxides) and is positioned within the fiber cladding at an optimum location with respect to the central core region of the optical fiber. The thickness of the barrier ring may be controlled by fabrication processes to control properties such as hydrogen permeability. Other alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides may be included in the composition of the barrier ring and are useful in preventing crystal formation during the fiber fabrication process.

There is provided a system and apparatus for the transmission of high power laser energy over great distances without substantial power loss and without the presence of stimulated Raman scattering. There is further provided systems and optical fiber cable configurations and optical fiber structures for the delivering high power laser energy over great distances to a tool or surface to perform an operation or work with the tool or upon the surface.

An optical cable can include one or more graphenic elements disposed about one or more optically transmissive fibers. A graphenic element can be a coating of graphene or amorphous graphite, a ribbon of graphene or amorphous graphite, or fibers of graphene or amorphous graphite. The graphenic element provides a path for electrical conduction while the optically transmissive fiber provides a path for optical transmission. An optical cable as disclosed herein can include a plurality of electrical and optical paths with a much smaller diameter and weight than traditional cables.

A method of making a microstructured optical fiber comprising loading the core and cladding materials of the fiber with hydrogen and deuterium at a loading temperature; annealing the fiber at a selected temperature T.sub.anneal; pumping the fiber with radiation; and reducing the temperature of the fiber and storing the fiber at the reduced temperature before the step of pumping the fiber; and wherein the method allows the hydrogen and the deuterium to become bound to the core material and the cladding material.

A method of making a microstructured optical fiber comprising loading the core and cladding materials of the fiber with hydrogen and deuterium at a loading temperature; annealing the fiber at a selected temperature T.sub.anneal; pumping the fiber with radiation; and reducing the temperature of the fiber and storing the fiber at the reduced temperature before the step of pumping the fiber; and wherein the method allows the hydrogen and the deuterium to become bound to the core material and the cladding material.

The present disclosure provides an optical fiber ribbon (10) comprising a plurality of optical fibers (11) with coating of superabsorbent material (C). The coating (C) is applied selectively on bonded regions (13) or unbonded regions (14) of the ribbon (10). The ribbon (10) provides for reduced diameter, higher packing density, and reduced micro-bending losses. Optical fiber cable (20) comprising optical fiber ribbon (10) is also provided in the present disclosure.