A stereoscopic virtual image display module includes a display panel, a first optical device set, and a second optical device. The display panel includes an active area that outputs image light. The first optical device set reflects the image light toward a user to allow the user to view a virtual image corresponding to the active area. The second optical device changes or restricts a ray direction of the image light traveling from a first active area included in the active area through the first optical device set toward the user. The second optical device allows first image light to enter a left eye and allows second image light to enter a right eye. The module allows each eye of the user to view a virtual image corresponding to the first active area at a first pixel density higher than or equal to 60 pixels per degree.

A stereoscopic virtual image display module includes a display panel, a first optical device set, and a second optical device. The display panel includes an active area that outputs image light. The first optical device set reflects the image light toward a user to allow the user to view a virtual image corresponding to the active area. The second optical device changes or restricts a ray direction of the image light traveling from a first active area included in the active area through the first optical device set toward the user. The second optical device allows first image light to enter a left eye and allows second image light to enter a right eye. The module allows each eye of the user to view a virtual image corresponding to the first active area at a first pixel density higher than or equal to 60 pixels per degree.

A switchable privacy display comprises a spatial light modulator (SLM), a first switchable liquid crystal (LC) retarder and first passive retarder between a first pair of polarisers and a second switchable LC retarder and second passive retarder between a second pair of polarisers. The first switchable LC retarder comprises a homeotropic alignment layer and a homogeneous alignment layer. The second switchable LC crystal retarder comprises two homeotropic alignment layers or two homogeneous alignment layers. In landscape or portrait privacy mode, on-axis light from the SLM is directed without loss, whereas off-axis light has reduced luminance to reduce visibility to off-axis snoopers. Display reflectivity may be reduced for on-axis reflections of ambient light, while reflectivity may be increased for off-axis light to achieve increased visual security. In public mode, the LC retardance is adjusted so that off-axis luminance and reflectivity are unmodified. The display may switch between day-time and night-time operation.

A switchable privacy display comprises a spatial light modulator (SLM), a first switchable liquid crystal (LC) retarder and first passive retarder between a first pair of polarisers and a second switchable LC retarder and second passive retarder between a second pair of polarisers. The first switchable LC retarder comprises a homeotropic alignment layer and a homogeneous alignment layer. The second switchable LC crystal retarder comprises two homeotropic alignment layers or two homogeneous alignment layers. In landscape or portrait privacy mode, on-axis light from the SLM is directed without loss, whereas off-axis light has reduced luminance to reduce visibility to off-axis snoopers. Display reflectivity may be reduced for on-axis reflections of ambient light, while reflectivity may be increased for off-axis light to achieve increased visual security. In public mode, the LC retardance is adjusted so that off-axis luminance and reflectivity are unmodified. The display may switch between day-time and night-time operation.

An image display module includes a display that displays a parallax image projected to eyes of a user, a barrier that causes parallax between the eyes by defining a traveling direction of image light for the parallax image, and a controller that controls the display. The controller divides the display into a plurality of display control areas based on distortion of the parallax image projected, and controls, for each of the plurality of display control areas, a minimum repeat unit and an index for the parallax image.

An image display module includes a display that displays a parallax image projected to eyes of a user, a barrier that causes parallax between the eyes by defining a traveling direction of image light for the parallax image, and a controller that controls the display. The controller divides the display into a plurality of display control areas based on distortion of the parallax image projected, and controls, for each of the plurality of display control areas, a minimum repeat unit and an index for the parallax image.

A display device is switchable between 3D image display and 2D image display. The display device includes a first display panel, a second display panel, a controller, and an optical system. The first and second display panels each include subpixels arranged in a grid. The controller performs switching and/or is configured to perform switching between multiple display modes including a first display mode for displaying a 2D image and a second display mode for displaying a parallax image on the first display panel, and switches and/or is configured to switch a drive mode of the second display panel between multiple drive modes including a first drive mode corresponding to the first display mode and a second drive mode corresponding to the second display mode.

A high dynamic range display includes a light source, a first display and a second display. The light source is configured to generate a backlight. The first display is aligned with the light source and has multiple first pixels. Each first pixel is configured to selectively pass and block the backlight. The second display is aligned with the first display and has multiple second pixels. A particular pixel is controlled to pass the backlight at a first transmit level. The particular pixel corresponds with an aligned pixel of the first pixels controlled to pass the backlight at a second transmit level and a multiple parallax pixels controlled to pass the backlight. The second transmit level is based on the first transmit level. The second transmit level offsets leakage of the backlight through the second display at the first transmit level to produce a high dynamic range final image.

A three-dimensional display system, a head up display system, and a mobile object including a head up display system include a display apparatus, barrier, detection apparatus, and controller. The display apparatus has subpixels arranged in a grid along orthogonal first and second directions and displays left- and right-eye images respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by a display boundary from among the subpixels. The barrier has a light shielding region that shields the left-eye image and the right-eye image, and a light transmitting region that causes at least part of the left-eye image to reach a left eye of a user and at least part of the right-eye image to reach a right eye of the user. The detection apparatus detects the left and right eye positions. The controller moves the display boundary based on at least a change in the positions of the left and right eyes.

A three-dimensional display system, a head up display system, and a mobile object including a head up display system include a display apparatus, barrier, detection apparatus, and controller. The display apparatus has subpixels arranged in a grid along orthogonal first and second directions and displays left- and right-eye images respectively in first subpixels and second subpixels separated by a display boundary from among the subpixels. The barrier has a light shielding region that shields the left-eye image and the right-eye image, and a light transmitting region that causes at least part of the left-eye image to reach a left eye of a user and at least part of the right-eye image to reach a right eye of the user. The detection apparatus detects the left and right eye positions. The controller moves the display boundary based on at least a change in the positions of the left and right eyes.