An electrical characteristic of a privacy glazing structure and indicative of a health of the privacy glazing structure can be measured at a first time and at a second time later than the first time. In response to detecting a change in the electrical characteristic indicating a change in the health of the privacy glazing structure, one or more parameters of an electrical drive signal can be adjusted to compensate for the change in the health of the privacy glazing structure. The electrical characteristic can be measured at a plurality of times after the second time and compared to the electrical characteristic measured at the first time. If, at any of the plurality of times, the measured electrical characteristic differs from the electrical characteristic measured at the first time by more than a threshold amount, one or more parameters of the electrical drive signal can be adjusted.

A dimming glass includes: a first base substrate and a second base substrate that are oppositely disposed, a dye liquid crystal layer disposed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate, and at least one temperature sensor disposed between the first base substrate and the second base substrate. The at least one temperature sensor is configured to detect a temperature of the dye liquid crystal layer.

A windowing device includes: a windowing module including a dimming transparent substrate and a semiconductor temperature adjustment element, the dimming transparent substrate being provided with different light transmittances when the dimming transparent substrate has different adjustment parameters; a temperature adjustment circuitry configured to input a current to the semiconductor temperature adjustment element and adjust a temperature of the semiconductor temperature adjustment element; a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of an environment where the windowing module is located; and a controller configured to input a circuitry adjustment signal to the temperature adjustment circuitry when the temperature detected by the temperature sensor is beyond a predetermined temperature range, as to adjust a temperature of the dimming transparent substrate to be within the predetermined temperature range.

Described herein are liquid crystal (LC) assemblies that are dimmable and techniques for manufacturing LC assemblies. In some embodiments, an LC assembly includes a Guest-Host (GH) liquid crystal layer containing nematic liquid crystals, dye molecules, and a chiral dopant. The GH liquid crystal layer is located between a pair of substrates. The LC assembly is a film assembly, with each of the substrates including a flexible film and a conductive layer formed on the flexible film. The substrates are separated by spacers that define a cell gap. The GH liquid crystal layer is configured to transition the LC assembly between darkened and lightened states depending on the voltage across the conductive layers. The flexible films allow the LC assembly to conform to the surface of a window or other rigid surface to which the LC assembly is attached. The LC assembly can be attached via a liquid or film-based adhesive.

A photochromic system wherein: there are provided a photochromic film and a drive power source; the photochromic film has a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between a first and second laminate, the photochromic film controlling the liquid crystal molecules' orientation of the liquid crystal layer by a VA scheme to control transmitted light; the first laminate is provided with at least a first substrate and electrode; the second laminate is provided with at least a second substrate and electrode; each of the first and second electrode has a sheet resistance of 50-300 Ω/□; the distance from a power feed point to the farthest-away position in the surface of the photochromic film is 1,500 mm or less; and the drive power source supplies a power source for driving by a rectangular wave having a frequency of 240 Hz or less.

An optical element includes a first boundary layer and a second boundary layer. A solution is disposed between the first boundary layer and the second boundary layer. The solution includes liquid crystals co-mingled with oblong photochromic dye molecules.

An optical device is provided in the present application. The present application provides an optical device that may prevent defects such as short circuits even when an external power source has been connected in an encapsulated structure.

Disclosed are a reflective display substrate and a method for fabricating the same, a display panel, and a display device. The reflective display substrate includes a base substrate and a resonant cavity layer. The base substrate has a plurality of pixel regions. The resonant cavity layer is disposed on a first side of the base substrate. The resonant cavity layer includes a plurality of resonant cavities. The plurality of resonant cavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pixel regions. The resonant cavity is disposed in the corresponding pixel region. The resonant cavity is configured to enhance reflection of light of a first color in incident light and reduce reflection of light of a second color in the incident light.

An optical device is provided in the present application. The present application provides an optical device that may prevent defects such as short circuits even when an external power source has been connected in an encapsulated structure.

A light modulation device is disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a light modulation device includes a first polymer film substrate, a second polymer film substrate, an active liquid crystal layer disposed between the first and second polymer film substrates, wherein the active liquid crystal layer is capable of switching between a first orientation state and a second orientation state when a voltage is applied, and a polarizer, wherein each of the first and second polymer film substrates have in-plane retardation of 4,000 nm or more for light having a wavelength of 550 nm, a ratio of an elongation (E1) in a first direction to an elongation (E2) in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction of 3 or more, and wherein an angle formed by the first directions of the first and second polymer film substrates is in a range of 0 degrees to 10 degrees.