An Electrically Switchable Bragg Grating (ESBG) despeckler device comprising at least one ESBG element recorded in a hPDLC sandwiched between transparent substrates to which transparent conductive coatings have been applied. At least one of said coatings is patterned to provide a two-dimensional array of independently switchable ESBG pixels. Each ESBG pixel has a first unique speckle state under said first applied voltage and a second unique speckle state under said second applied voltage.

The object of the present invention is an cascaded ionizing radiation converter, comprising the first conversion stage, transforming ionizing radiation into non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation, the second conversion stage transforming non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation into an electrical charge, and the third conversion stage transforming the generated electric charge into the change of potential controlling the liquid crystal cell, wherein the first conversion stage is a radioluminescent layer, preferably Lu.sub.2O.sub.3:Eu layer, the second conversion stage is a photoconductive material layer, preferably amorphous selenium or poly (3-hexyl-thiophene) layer, and the non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation emission spectrum of the first conversion stage corresponds with the non-ionizing electromagnetic radiation absorption spectrum of the second conversion stage; And an imaging diagnostic apparatus using cascaded ionizing radiation converter.

An optical display system, a control method, and a display device, relates to the field of display technology. The optical display system comprises a display screen a first light splitting unit disposed at a display side of the display screen; a first imaging unit comprising a light splitting film disposed at a light-incident surface of the first imaging unit; a second light splitting unit disposed at a light emission side of the first imaging unit; a phase modulation unit disposed at least in a light path from the first imaging unit to the second light splitting unit; wherein, the first-type polarized light transmitted from the first light splitting unit is transmitted from a light emission side of the second light splitting unit, after being turned back multiple times between the first imaging unit and the second light splitting unit.

Transparent structures containing a transparent electrically conductive fluid are used for aesthetically appealing designs and/or improved fatigue performance. Some structures have multiple isolated conductors while others have a single conductive area that may be used as a transparent antenna or a transparent EMI shield. Other embodiments employ fluids that change crystalline structure under an applied voltage such that a structure can change color and/or display a message.

The disclosure includes an optical metasurface with an optical reflector layer and a resonator layer. The resonator layer includes an array of optical resonators extending vertically with respect to the optical reflector layer. Each optical resonator may be formed by two stack-integrated metallic optical elements positioned adjacent to each other to create a gap. The stack-integrated metallic optical elements may include a base metallic optical element and one or more stacked metallic optical elements.