Provided is an electronic device including a first liquid crystal layer having a first side and a second side opposite thereto; a second liquid crystal layer disposed on the first liquid crystal layer and having a third side and a fourth side opposite thereto; a first alignment layer disposed on the first side and having a first alignment direction; a second alignment layer disposed on the second side and having a second alignment direction opposite to the first alignment direction; a third alignment layer disposed on the third side and having a third alignment direction; and a fourth alignment layer disposed on the fourth side and having a fourth alignment direction opposite to the third alignment direction. The second alignment layer is between the first liquid crystal layer and the third alignment layer. The third alignment layer is between the second liquid crystal layer and the second alignment layer.

A control system for independent alternating-input (“IAI”) devices includes multiple IAI devices and an analog switch component. The control system may also include a bus-generating component. The analog switch component includes multiple switches configured to connect of disconnect input connection points of the analog switch component and voltage input points of the IAI devices. The analog switch component opens or closes switches, responsive to a digital control signal, to provide voltage signals to the voltage input points of the IAI devices. In some cases, the IAI devices activate or deactivate based on the provided voltage signals. In some cases, the bus-generating component provides a first voltage signal to a first voltage input point of an IAI device, and the analog switch component controls the switches to provide a second voltage signal to a second voltage input point of the IAI device.

A novel display device that is highly convenient, useful, or reliable is provided. The display device includes a light guide plate, a display panel, and an intermediate layer, and the light guide plate includes a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is irradiated with light, the second surface has a function of distributing light, the second surface is in contact with the intermediate layer, and the second surface has a first refractive index N1 in a region in contact with the intermediate layer. The display panel faces the second surface, the display panel is in contact with the intermediate layer, and the display panel has a function of scattering the distributed light. The intermediate layer includes a region positioned between the second surface and the display panel, and the intermediate layer has a second refractive index N2 in a region in contact with the second surface. The second refractive index N2 is smaller than the first refractive index N1.

A device for modulation of light (16) having a wavelength, comprising: a first substrate (10) with a first face (81) and a second opposite face (82), and comprising a first electrode (11); a second substrate (20) adjacent to the second face (82) and defining a gap between the first and second substrate (10, 20), the second substrate (20) comprising a second electrode (21); a responsive liquid crystal layer (15) disposed in the gap, wherein the responsive liquid crystal layer (15) has a flexoelectro-optic chiral nematic phase, and is birefringent with an optic axis that tilts in response to an applied electric field between the first and second electrode (11, 21); and a mirror adjacent to the second substrate (20), the mirror configured to reflect incident circular polarised light while preserving its handedness.

A fast flexoelectro-optic switching device containing bimesogen-doped and polymer-stabilized vertical standing helix (PSVSH) in a cholesteric liquid crystal. The PSVSH device exhibits a response time of less than 0.7 millisecond, high contrast and negligible hysteresis which is suitable for applications including blur-free displays, field-sequential color displays and active optical elements.

An electrical characteristic of a privacy glazing structure and indicative of a health of the privacy glazing structure can be measured at a first time and at a second time later than the first time. In response to detecting a change in the electrical characteristic indicating a change in the health of the privacy glazing structure, one or more parameters of an electrical drive signal can be adjusted to compensate for the change in the health of the privacy glazing structure. The electrical characteristic can be measured at a plurality of times after the second time and compared to the electrical characteristic measured at the first time. If, at any of the plurality of times, the measured electrical characteristic differs from the electrical characteristic measured at the first time by more than a threshold amount, one or more parameters of the electrical drive signal can be adjusted.

A polymer stabilized vertical alignment liquid crystal display (PS-VA LCD) panel and a method of manufacturing same. The PS-VA LCD panel includes a first substrate; a second substrate; a crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a plurality of vesicles disposed around the crystal layer, wherein the vesicles includes a plurality of free radical inhibitors; and a sealant using for encapsulating the liquid crystal layer between the first substrate and the second substrate.

A liquid crystal cured layer formed of a cured product of a liquid crystal composition, wherein the liquid crystal composition contains a polymerizable liquid crystal compound having a reverse wavelength dispersion property, and a copolymer containing a monomer unit A including a monovalent group containing an aromatic ring and a monomer unit B containing a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group optionally having a substituent, a main chain mesogen of the polymerizable liquid crystal compound in the liquid crystal cured layer is oriented at a tilt angle of 85° to 90° with respect to a layer plane of the liquid crystal cured layer.

A method of producing a light control sheet includes forming a multilayer laminate in which a light control layer comprising a liquid crystal composition is sandwiched between a first transparent conductive layer formed on a first transparent support layer and a second transparent conductive layer formed on a second transparent support layer, and conducting laser irradiation to the multilayer laminate such that a laser beam penetrates one of the first and second transparent support layers located closer to a laser source than the first transparent conductive layer, and that an insulating portion is formed in the first transparent conductive layer.

A switchable privacy display apparatus comprises a polarised output spatial light modulator, and an additional polariser. A reflective polariser, switchable liquid crystal polar control retarder, passive polar control retarders and air gap are arranged between the display output polariser and additional polariser. The passive retarders are arranged to provide no phase difference to polarised light from the spatial light modulator for on-axis light; and simultaneously provide a non-zero phase difference for polarised light in off-axis directions. The polar control retarders are further arranged to achieve low reflectivity for light propagating through the air gap. A switchable privacy display that can be conveniently assembled at low cost can be provided with high contrast images for display users while maintaining high visual security level for off-axis snoopers.